Ch'ŏnju gangsaeng ŏnhaeng giryak  천주강생언행기략 (天主降生言行紀略) / 줄리오 알레니 (Giulio Aleni, 艾儒略) ; Ch'oe Kyŏng-sik 최경식 [Choe Gyeongsik] (translator).

Translation of: Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe  天主降生言行紀略. Original illustrations based on Nadal included in Korean translated sections.

"천주께서 세상에 오셔서 하신 말씀과 행동의 간추림"--title page title subheading.

Appendix: Full facsimile text of 1635 edition of Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe 天主降生言行紀略 (Bibliotheque nationale de France. Departemente des manuscrits. Chinois 6709).

 - 내    용 : 

  # “서양에서 온 공자”라고 존경을 받았던

     쥴리오 알레니 신부의 「천주강생언행기략」 번역서

  # 천주께서 세상에 오셔서 하신 말씀과 행동의 간추림

     (4대 복음서와 사도행전을 통합한 이른바 화합복음서)

  만일락경설

  제천주강생언행기략 범례

  천주강생언행기략 제1권 ~ 제8권

Text/Translation begins on p. [39]: Commento e immagini dell Incarnazione del Signore del Cielo = 天主降生出像經解 Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie. Traduzione e note di Lu Huizhong e Huang Xiu Feng. "con riproduzione anastatica del testo conservato presso AFIO (Archivo Franciscano Ibero Orientale) di Madrid 26/2".

Indice: Presentazione / Antonio Fappani. Verso la pienezza de verità e amore / Luciano Monari. Prefazione / Pier Francesco Fumagalli. Avvertenze e ringraziamenti. Introduzione / Gianfranco Cretti. Giulio Aleni e la Prospettiva in Cina / Hui-Hung Chen. Prefazione / Giulio Aleni. Mappa di Gerusalemme / Giulio Aleni. Sante Immagini della Incarnazione del Signore del Cielo / Giulio Aleni. Indice delle Immagini. Indice dei nomi di luoghi e persone. Nota bibliografica.

"[Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe 天主降生言行紀略] supplemented by his Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jingjie (1637). This work of fifty-five pictures of Jesus’ life was based on Jerónimo Nadal’s (1507-1580) Evangelicae Historiae Imaginese (Antwerp, 1593), which was often included in Nadal’s Adnotationes et Meditationes in Evangeliae (Antwerp, 1595), a meditative commentary on the Sunday readings by a famous companion of Ignatius of Loyola. Aleni’s work, however, is not a translation of Nadal’s commentary, but a Chinese adaptation of Vita Christi by Ludophus de Saxonia (ca. 1300-1378). His Vita Christi e Quatuor Evangeliis et Scriptoribus Orthodoxis Concinnata was a very popular writing during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.....In this they [Jesuits] gave preference to a chronological presentation of Jesus’ life rather than to the translation of the four gospels..." Cf. Standaert, Handbook of Christianity in China, vol. 1, p. 622-623.

"....By this extensive sinicisation da Rocha’s picture show an interesting contrast with the second collection of Christian wood-block prints: the 55 pictures – all based on Nadal - in Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie天主降生出像經解 (Illustrated Explanation of the Lord of Heaven’s Incarnation), first published in 1637 in Jinjiang (Quanzhou) by Giulio Aleni.....The difference in style is quite marked: in Aleni’s xylographs the European linear perspective and the narrative combination ...... have been maintained. There are interesting Chinese adaptations as regards form... and content....but as a whole these woodblock prints render the Western originals faithfully." Cf. Cf. Standaert, Handbook of Christianity in China, vol. 1, p. 813.

Dig.ed. local access only. [AleniCommento.pdf]

Shengjiao xiangshuo 聖教像說.
No author, date or place of publication. Accordion-folded pages with color images in European fashion; facing pages in Chinese. Text appears to be adapted from Aleni's Life of Christ. Weathered boards, some detached sections, but images and text are bright and colorful. Printed in Shanghai? ca. 1900.

Dig. ed. local access [Shengjiao xiangshuo.pdf]

For more information on the original text, see Jap-Sin I,58, Jap-Sin I,76 .

Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie 天主降生出像經解.

Jap-Sin I, 187
Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie 天主降生出像經解
By Ai Rulüe 艾儒略 (Giulio Aleni).
One juan. Chinese bamboo paper in one volume. The Arabic number on the lower margin of each page was added later. No date or place of publication.

The cover bears the title Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jixiang 天主降生言行紀像 (equivalent to Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie, cf. Jap-Sin I, 188) and a Latin inscription: “Vita D.N. Iesu Christi imaginibus illustrata.” On folio 2v there is a note in Latin: “Duo exemplaria rarissima Jap.^a Sin. I. 187, Jap Sin I, 188 ￜ Vita D.N. J. Xti ￜ auctore P. J. Aleni ￜ Cum illustrationibus P. Natalis ￜ Parvus Codex (Jap-Sin I, 187) ￜ continet praefationem, ￜ quae in majori ￜ autem codex (Jap-Sin I, 188) major plures imagines . . . ￜ Initio, viam ￜ crucis ￜ Deest datum.”

This book is the same edition as Jap-Sin I, 188, but the quality of paper is inferior and even the printing is not distinct. The illustrations do not always follow the same order as in the above mentioned number. Three of the illustrations are missing, namely, (1) the sermon on the mount, (2) the miraculous cure of the centurion’s servant and (3) the cure of the paralytic man.
In addition to the twenty-seven folios of illustrations (folio 16r and 16v is a repetition of folio 14), there is an introduction (two and one-half folios). Here the country of origin of Christ is called Da Qin 大秦 , obviously a reference to the Nestorian monument (cf. Jap-Sin I, 33 and 53). It also tried to explain why spiritual beings were represented in physical forms: God the Father as an elderly man, the Holy Spirit in form of a dove and the angels as young men with wings.
At the end of the introduction the names of the three censors are given: Manuel Dias Jr. 陽瑪諾, Simão da Cunha 瞿西滿 and Pietro Canevari 聶伯多. For further details, see below (Jap-Sin I, 188).

Jap-Sin I, 188
Tianzhu jiangsheng chuxiang jingjie 天主降生出像經解
By Ai Rulüe 艾儒略 (Giulio Aleni).
One juan, white paper in one volume.
Twenty-eight folios, with an Arabic number in pencil on each folio. 28 x 16 cm.

The cover bears the a title in Chinese and a Latin inscription: “Vita Christi P. Natalis.”

At the beginning of the book there is a map of Jerusalem (43 x 28 cm.). The Chinese inscription on the map reads: 大秦如德亞國協路撒稜都城當天主降生時圖 (The city of Jerusalem in Judea of Da Qin at the time of God’s incarnation). There is another inscription: 此城日久存毀改變不一然吾主耶穌受難升天聖蹟諸所至今顯存凡諸國奉教者每往瞻禮云 (Through the centuries this city has suffered destruction and alterations; the place, however, where the Lord suffered, the place of the resurrection and the places where he worked miracles still exist and they are visited by the faithful of all countries).

This book is the same as Jap-Sin I, 187, except for the absence of the introduction in Jap-Sin I, 188 and that of the map of Jerusalem in Jap-Sin I, 187. In the introduction (Jap-Sin I, 187) Aleni says that he has translated the Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe and that in imitation of Western commentaries illustrations are added to inspire the readers with love of Christ. It is obvious then, that the present book is a continuation of the Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe (cf. Jap-Sin I, 58 and 76).
Courant (6750) says that the edition owned by the Bibliothèque Nationale (Paris) is a large in-octavo and on good paper, with an introduction by Aleni and a map of Jerusalem. It has twenty-eight folios and fifty-six illustrations, published in 1637 by the Jingjiaotang of Jinjiang (Fujian). This description makes us think that our edition is the same.
The Western commentary, mentioned in Aleni’s introduction, is the Adnotationes et Meditationes in Evangelia in Sacrosancto Missae Sacrificio toto anno leguntur by Jeronimo Nadal (1507–1580). The first part of this work has 153 illustrations. The title page reads: “Evangelicae Historiae Imagines ￜ ex ordine Evangeliorum quae toto anno in Missae Sacrificio recitantur, ￜ in ordine temporis vitae Christi digestae.” It was printed in Antwerp in 1593. It is not certain who was the painter of these illustrations. According to some they were painted by Martin de Vos; others attributed them to the Wierix brothers or to the Italian painter Bernado or Bernardin Passeri (cf. AHSI, XIII, pp. 121–122; XIV, pp. 194–195). The etchings, however, were made by six artists, namely: the three Wierix brothers, Jerome, Jean and Antoine; their assistants Adrien and Jean Collaert; and Charles Mallery.
The engraver of the Chinese engraving is unknown to us. According to Aleni the Chinese illustrations numbered only one tenth of the European. In fact, they numbered in all fifty-eight. Apart from the first and the last, which were of purely Chinese origin, they amounted to about one third of the European illustrations. They are very close to the original, both in composition and in spirit. In general, the Western style is retained, but here and there they reveal the Oriental touch of the artist. For instance, on folio 17v and 18r (Lazarus and the rich man) one may notice the Chinese blanket on the bed of the rich man, and on folio 21v (the washing of the feet) the vases are all in Chinese style and, to add to the decoration, there is a Chinese movable door screen on which is painted a Chinese landscape with cherry blossoms and bamboo trees. On the last folio (the coronation of the Blessed Virgin in Heaven) the group of figures on the lower left corner are all Chinese mandarins, military men, scholars or ordinary people. These pictures, no doubt, could be of great help in the study of the early influence of European art on China.
A title is given to each illustration, the characters of which run horizontally. The figures and things illustrated are marked in the tiangan 天干 (ten heavenly stems). A column is reserved below the illustrations to identify the persons and things marked by the tiangan numbers, which take the place of the Roman alphabetic numbers in the original.
Source: Albert Chan, S.J., Chinese books and documents in the Jesuit Archives in Rome, pp. 110-112.

"..presents the life of Christ in a synoptic and chronological way, from annunciation to resurrection." (Cf. Handbook of Christianity in China, vol. 1, p. 622)

Series: 明末清初耶穌會思想文獻匯編 = An expository collection of the Christian philosophical works between the end of the Ming dynasty and the beginning of the Qing dynasty in China ; 第10冊 .
Cover illustration: Bibliothèque des Fontaines edition.

Local access dig.pdf. in folder: [Andrew Chung Series].

Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe 天主降生言行紀略 / [Ai Rulüe zhu 艾儒略著].
In: Yesuhui Luoma dang'anguan Ming-Qing Tianzhujiao wenxian 耶穌會羅馬檔案館明清天主教文獻 / Edited by Nicolas Standaert [鐘鳴旦] [and] Adrian Dudink [杜鼎克].

" ... presents the life of Christ in a synoptic and chronological way, from annunciation to resurrection." (Cf. Standaert, Handbook of Christianity in China, vol. 1, p. 622)

JapSin I, 58
Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe 天主降生言行紀略.
By Ai Rulüe 艾儒略 (Giulio Aleni).
Eight juan. Chinese bamboo paper in two volumes (four juan each). The last four lines of the last folio of the second volume are missing and this makes it impossible to identify the date and the place of publication (cf. Jap-Sin I, 76).

There is a Latin inscription on the cover of volume one: “Aleni | Compendium vitae Christi.” A French inscription in pencil reads: “Resumé de la vie | de J. C. par Aleni | complet.” The second volume bears the title in Chinese on the cover. The Latin title in pencil reads: “Aleni | Vita Jesu Christi | Tom. 5–8.” Idem, two lines written in ink: “(Opus completum habetur Jap^a Sin I, 76).”

The title page of volume one bears the title in Chinese, with a brief declaration describing the book as “a synopsis of the Holy Gospel” (即萬日略聖經大旨). The second line bears the inscription 極西耶穌會士艾儒略述 (Narrated by Ai Rulüe, Jesuit of the Extreme West).
Then follows an introduction (four folios) to the Four Gospels (Wanrilüe jingshuo 萬日略經說). By mistake Courant took this as the first part of the book (6709–I: Oan ji lio king choe). The term wanrilüe 萬日略 is a transliteration of the Italian vangelo (gospel). The introduction is followed by some directions for readers (five and one-half folios) and the table of contents (ten folios).
The beginning of each juan bears the title of the book and the name of the author. Each half folio contains nine columns with nineteen characters to each column; annotations are given in double lines and in smaller characters. The upper middle of each folio bears the title of the book; the numbers of the juan and of the folio are given below. On all the first folios the character 乙 is used for 一.
The directions for readers (folio 8v) makes it clear that this book is not a translation of the four Gospels, but rather a synopsis of them. It also declares that an attempt has been made to make the style simple and readable. The book seems to have succeeded in this. Occasionally, narration from sources other than the four Gospels are included, e.g. in juan 1, miracles are said to have happened at the Annunciation; juan 8 quotes from European history that, when the Virgin gave birth to a child, the palaces in Rome fell down spontaneously; at that time also three suns were seen in Spain and eventually joined into a single sun. Not infrequently remarks are added to explain the Gospels. Owing to the damage to the last folio of the book, Bi Fangji 畢方濟 (Francisco Sambiasi) is the only censor whose name can still be read. Jap-Sin I, 76, which seems to be the same edition as the present book, gives the other two censors as Yang Manuo 陽瑪諾 (Manuel Dias Jr.) and Fu Ruwang 伏如望 (João Frois).

Pfister, p. 131: “1. 天主降生言行紀略 T’ien-tchou kiang-cheng yen-hing ki-lio, Vie de N. S. J. C. Sauveur des hommes, tirée des 4 Évangélistes, 8 vol., Pékin, 1642, 1738, 1796 (avec l’approbation de Mgr de Gouvea); orphelinat de Ts’a ka wè, 1852 (avec l’approbation de Mgr. Maresca); réimprimé à T’ou sè wè, 1903 (Catalogus 1917, n^o 7). Il y a une édition avec gravures sur bois: c’est la première de toutes, 8 vol. 1635–37, Fou tcheou fou. Les planches sont celles de l’ouvrage suivant, n^o 2 [出像經解 Tch’ou siang king-kiai]. Il en a été fait une édition abrégée (peut être par les protestants) sous le titre de: Vie de Jésus, Yé sou yen hing ki lio, 耶穌言行紀略.”

According to Courant (6716–II) there is a 1738 edition of this book published at the Xuanwu Gate 宣武門 (Nantang, Beijing); cf. 6716–III and 6718–II. Again, in no. 6717, there is an edition of this book published in 1704 by the Qinyitang (欽一堂) in Ying 郢 (Wuchang 武昌, Hunan) together with the “Great Laud” (Dazan shi 大讚詩), a poem written by Xu Guangqi.

Cf. Laures, p. 163, note 406; Hsü 1949, pp. 38–40, 430; Couplet, pp. 17–18, no. XXV; BR, p. XXXIII; Répertoire, no. 17; Sommervogel, vol. I, col. 158.
Source: Albert Chan, S.J., Chinese Books and Documents in the Jesuit Archives in Rome, pp. 107-109.

Jap-Sin I, 76
Tianzhu jiangsheng yanxing jilüe 天主降生言行紀略.
By Ai Rulüe 艾儒略 (Giulio Aleni).
Eight juan. Chinese bamboo paper in three volumes (1: table of contents, directions for readers, juan 1–2; 2: juan 3–5; 3: juan 6–8). Published by the Jingjiaotang 景教堂 of Jinjiang 晉江(Fujian) in 1635 (Chongzhen 8).

The cover of all three volumes bear the title and Latin inscriptions: "Vita Christi iuxta 4 Evangelistas |a Julio Aleni, S.J. | 8 tomi | tom 1 et 2 | a S.Jo^is nativitate usq. | ad sermonem Christi in montem." The former is featured on volume one. The inscription for volume two reads: “Vita Christi | tom. 3, 4, 5. a Christi sermone in monte usque | ad mala pharisaeorum consilia.” Volume three bears the following: “Vita Christi | tom. 6, 7, 8. a malis | pharisaeorum consiliis | usque ad descensum Spiritus Sancti, et Apostolorum | praedicationem.”

The format of this book and the type are the same as in Jap-Sin I, 58, except for the different arrangement of the table of contents and the directions for readers.
The last two columns of juan 8 bear the inscription: 天主降生救世後一千六百三十五年崇禎八祀歲次乙亥孟秋, 晉江景教堂敬梓 (printed by the Jingjiaotang of Jinjiang, 1635, the eighth year of Chongzhen, a yihai year, the first month of autumn).

At the end of the book there is a poem, the "Da zan shi" 大讚詩 (The Great Laud) by Xu Guangqi 徐光啟. The character shi 世 is a mistake for sa 卅 (thirty).

According to Pfister (p. 131, quoted above) the earliest edition of this book was published in eight juan in Fuzhou in 1635–37, with the same illustrations as in the [Tianzhu jiangsheng] Chuxiang jingjie (cf. Jap-Sin I, 188). The Jesuit Roman Archive owns no copy of this edition nor is it mentioned in Courant or the catalogues of the Vatican or the Zikawei libraries. In the introduction to the Chuxiang jingjie Aleni himself tells that he had narrated the life of the Lord in his Yanxing jilüe and in imitation of Western writers he had then added the essential pictures to the book in the hope that readers might increase their love for the Lord and come to realize that he practiced what he has preached. Judging from these remarks, we think that the first edition of this book (most probably, our present edition) contained no illustrations. It was only in later editions that illustrations were added (cf. Jap-Sin I, 187, 188).
Source: Albert Chan, S.J., Chinese Books and Documents in the Jesuit Archives in Rome, p. 109-187.

Bibliographic citation see: Ad Dudink & Nicolas Standaert, Chinese Christian Texts Database (CCT-Database).

耶穌降世之傳 Yày soo këang shé che chuen. Nativity of Christ. 20 leaves. Singapore 1836. This is a narrative of the birth and early life of our Lord, as far as the return of his parents to Nazareth, after the death of Herod, in eleven sections, given entirely in the words of Scripture. It concludes with an exhortation to repentance and faith. See Medhurst’s works no.36). Cf. Wylie. Memorials, p.57-58, no.14.

Shijie mingren xiaozhuan congshu 世界名人小傳叢書

Yanjing yanjiuyuan bian 燕京研究院編 ; zhixing zhubian Wen Yong 執行主編文庸 ... [et al].
P. [4] of cover and table of contents also in English: Works of T.C. Chao.
Includes bibliographical references.
Vol. 1.: Jidujiao zhexue 基督教哲學 -- Yesu de rensheng zhexue 耶穌的人生哲學 -- Xue ren 學仁 -- Yesu zhuan 耶穌傳.
Vol. 2.: Bade de zongjiao sixiang 巴德的宗教思想 -- Jidujiao jinjie 基督教進解 -- Sheng Baoluo zhuan 聖保羅傳 -- Cong Zhongguo wenhua shuodao Jidujiao 從中國文化說到基督教 -- Xiyuji 繫獄記 -- Jidujiao de lunli 基督教的倫理 -- Shenxue sijiang 神學四講.
Vol. 3: [Essays, treatises, notes]. -Vol. 4.

OCLC Record-Vol. 1.  The philosophy of Christianity --  The philosophy of life of Jesus --  Xue-ren --  Life of Jesus. -- vol. 2.  The theology of Karl Barth --  An interpretation of Christianity --  The life of St. Paul --  The Christian faith against China's cultural background --  My experience in prison -- vol. 2.  The theology of Karl Barth --  An interpretation of Christianity --  The life of St. Paul --  The Christian faith against China's cultural background --  My experience in prison --  Christian ethics --  Four talks on theology. -- vol. 4. Theses -- Preach -- Speech -- Translations -- Prayers --Poems -- Script -- Christian Fellowship Hymns -- Hymns for the People -- Christmas Oratorios -- Chronological life of T.C. Chao.   

正教安慰 Chíng keaóu gan wei. "Consolations of religion….in 4 books, the 1st of which contains a summary of the life, sufferings, condemnation, death, resurrection and ascension of our Lord, in nine sections; the 2nd book elaborates the successive discourses of the Saviour; the 3rd enters into detail regarding the various events in the life of Jesus; and the 4th relates His resurrection, several appearances, ascension to heaven, sending the Holy Spirit, with power to work miracles, conversion of men, and glory of Christ.” Cf. Wylie, Memorials, p. 57, no.8.