The Jesuit legacy -- Recovering the Chinese classics -- The rise of Imperial Chinese manufacturing and trade -- Science and the Protestant mission -- From textbooks to Darwin: modern science arrives -- Government arsenals spur new technologies -- The displacement of traditional Chinese science and medicine -- Appendixes.

Ferdinand Verbiest, 1623-1688 : een Vlaamse zendeling aan het Chinese Hof / U.J. Libbrecht.

Includes bibliographical references.

"Deze brochure werd uitgegeven door de Kredietbank ter gelegenheid van het Verbiestjaar 1988, in haar culturele brochurenreeks"--Prelim.
Cover title omits dates. Dates on t.p. in parentheses (brackets) and OCLC rec'd uses comma.

Abstract: After the suppression of the Society of Jesus in 1773, the French missionary Joseph-Marie Amiot, last of the great Jesuit scholars of China, befriended the Manchu prince Hongwu 弘旿, court artist and cousin of the Qianlong emperor. Hongwu became the most enthusiastic local patron of the ex-Jesuits still living in Beijing, helping them with research and providing them with information. Together, Amiot and Hongwu discussed new developments in natural philosophy, from electrical medicine to gas balloons. They conducted experiments in the Jesuit’s quarters at the North Church and in the prince’s nearby mansion, drawing from European and Chinese traditions alike to explain them. In the end, they concluded that their investigations were socially and politically dangerous, so they decided to keep them secret. It has generally seemed that the missionaries who remained in Beijing toward the end of the eighteenth century had few local encounters and failed to communicate contemporary natural philosophy; the story of the friendship between Hongwu and Amiot is a notable exception, revealing that cross-cultural exchange remained possible.

Local access dig. pdf. [Statman-Forgotten friendship.pdf]

Chinese dynasties -- I. Introduction. Prologue ; Ming classification on the eve of Jesuit contact -- II. Natural studies and the Jesuits. The Late Ming calendar crisis and Gregorian reform ; Sino-Jesuit accommodations during the seventeenth century ; The limits of Western learning in the early eighteenth century ; The Jesuit role as experts in high Qing cartography and technology -- III. Evidential research and natural studies. Evidential research and the restoration of ancient learning ; Seeking the truth and high Qing mathematics -- IV. Modern science and the Protestants. Protestants, education, and modern science to 1880 ; The construction of modern science in late Qing China -- V. Qing reformism and modern science. Government arsenals, science, and technology in China after 1860 ; Displacement of traditional Chinese science and medicine in the twentieth century -- Appendixes. Tang mathematical classics ; Some translations of chemistry, 1855-1873 ; Science outline series, 1882-1898 ; Partial chronological list of arsenals, etc., in China, 1861-1892 ; Table of contents for the 1886 Primers for science studies (Gezhi qimeng) ; Twenty-three fields of the sciences in the 1886 Primers for science studies ; Science compendia published in China from 1877 to 1903.

Also in digital pdf format: [Elman-ScienceChina.pdf]

1. Early Graphics in China - Pictorial Writing - Geometrical Designs - From Ornament to Narrative: Warring States and Han Illustrations - Early Farming Paintings
2. Han to Tang: Realism on the Rise - Aesthetics and Realism to the Fore- Scale Drawing and Perspective - The Dominance of Brush and Line - Models, Automata, and Technological Drawing - The Advent of Woodblock Printing
3. Song and Yuan: A Golden Age - Ruled-line Painting and Its Critics - Government, Printing, and Technological Representations - The Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques (Wujing zongyao) - The New Armillary Sphere and Celestial Globe System Essentials (Xinyixiang fayao) - The Building Standards (Yingzao fashi) - The Pictures of Tilling and Weaving (Geng zhi tu) - The Agricultural Treatise (Nongshu) of Wang Zhen
4. The New Confucian Paradigm - Realism in Retreat - Elite Dominance of Painting - "Historical" Painting - Philosophic Contributions to the New Painting Aesthetic - Painting and Calligraphy
5. Late Ming and The Exploitation of the Works of Nature - The Exploitation of the Works of Nature: A Culmination of Sorts - Song Yingxing and His World - Book Illustration in the Late Ming - Why This Work? - Assessing the Illustrations - Production Challenges - The Later History of the Illustrations
6. Qing Developments: Roads Not Taken - The Seventeenth-Century Transition - The Jesuit Contribution and Its Limited Impact - A Qualified Last Hurrah for Realism: Architectural Painting in the Qing
Closing Comments - Non-technological Aims in Portrayals of Technology - Pre-eminence of Agriculture and Human Inputs - Underrepresented Technologies - The Absence of Standards for Technical Drawing - The Role of Government Workshops - Maturity or Stagnation?

Local access dig.pdf. [Golas-Picturing technology China.pdf]

From the outset of the French mission to China, scientific and cultural pursuits were envisioned and playing a large role. In 1696, a glass workshop was established as a division of the imperial ateliers. It was built on a piece of land next to the French Jesuits' church, which was situated within the walls of the Imperial City, and placed under their care. The glass workshop continued to develop and production at it reached its zenith during the Qianlong period (r. 1735-1796). However, when missionary glass artisans, such as Pierre d'Incarville, and Léonard de Brossard, were no longer associated with the workshop, the quality of its wares began to decline. At the turn of the century, the mission in China sank almost to extinction, and by 1827, all activity at the glassworks had ceased. In 1998, the existence of a Chinese plan for this glass workshop was revealed in an inventory of documents from the Lazarist mission to Beijing. Therefore, the topic of this paper is a study of this plan and the glassmaking activities associated with it.

Local access dig.pdf. [Curtis-Glassworks.pdf]

Sojourners in a strange land : Jesuits and their scientific missions in late imperial China / Florence C. Hsia.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Who was that masked man? -- Writing missions -- Telling missionary lives -- Making Jesuit science travel -- Reading Jesuit Voyages -- Jesuit academicians -- Observational fortunes -- Familiar letters and familiar faces.

Local access dig.pdf. [Hsia-Sojouners in a strange land.pdf]

Though Jesuits assumed a variety of roles as missionaries in late imperial China, their most memorable guise was that of scientific expert, whose maps, clocks, astrolabes, and armillaries reportedly astonished the Chinese. But the icon of the missionary-scientist is itself a complex myth. Masterfully correcting the standard story of China Jesuits as simple conduits for Western science, Florence C. Hsia shows how these missionary-scientists remade themselves as they negotiated the place of the profane sciences in a religious enterprise.

Sojourners in a Strange Land develops a genealogy of Jesuit conceptions of scientific life within the Chinese mission field from the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries. Analyzing the printed record of their endeavors in natural philosophy and mathematics, Hsia identifies three models of the missionary man of science by their genres of writing: mission history, travelogue, and academic collection. Drawing on the history of early modern Europe’s scientific, religious, and print culture, she uses the elaboration and reception of these scientific personae to construct the first collective biography of the Jesuit missionary-scientist’s many incarnations in late imperial China. --Publisher page

Abstract:
During the early to middle Qing period, from 1644-1796, Manchu emperors were keen collectors of so-called ‘strange machines’ from Europe. These included scientific, primarily astronomical, instruments such as globes, armillary spheres or sundials, as well as mechanical clocks, watches and automata. European missionaries and trade delegations introduced these items as gifts to the Qing imperial emperors to further their respective religious and commercial agendas. Manchu rulers initially appreciated clocks and scientific instruments as a means of facilitating the control of time and space, essential in asserting imperial legitimacy. By incorporating European objects into the multicultural identity cultivated at court, they confirmed their status as universal rulers.

This thesis examines the changing role of European objects within the visual and material culture of the Qing courts across the reign periods of emperors Kangxi (r.1662-1722), Yongzheng (r.1723-1735) and Qianlong (r.1736-1796). It will show their transformation from statecraft instruments of high political and ritual significance to decorative domestic collectibles, ultimately rejected as insignificant toys. European clocks and instruments will be investigated not as technical, but as art objects in their own right in an examination of Qing court painting, architecture and decorative arts alongside key examples of the objects themselves.

As patronage and collecting were regarded as an essential imperial duty, requiring high personal involvement from each emperor, the way in which European objects were integrated into Qing court culture varied considerably under each ruler. Kangxi created the foundation for the role of clocks and instruments at court through his engagement with the European sciences, which he employed to fully consolidate his emperorship. Yongzheng maintained, but did not further develop, his father’s legacy with regard to objects from Europe. Qianlong embraced the ‘strange machines’ from Europe, albeit less as tools for statecraft, but as highly decorative collectibles, which appealed to his taste for foreign exotica. Over time, and with flourishing production in the imperial palace workshops, curiosities from Europe became highly integrated into the visual culture developed under each emperor, remaining foreign by nature, but appearing increasingly as familiar court objects, enhanced with symbolic ornaments reflecting the different cultures within the Qing empire, or merged with traditional signifiers of imperial power. This development highlights the way in which the concept of Europe, and its representation through certain types of objects, was actively used to shape the ‘otherness’ that defined the visual identity of the Manchus, thereby promoting the emperors’ legitimacy as universal rulers. Each emperor’s personality and taste influenced the visual expressions of their reign through patronage and collecting habits. In their roles as collectors and patrons, Qing emperors exercised their own form of time and space control over the ‘strange machines’ they owned through manipulation of their context, form and original function.

JapSin II, 61
Taixi shuifa 泰西水法.
Translated orally by Xiong Sanba 熊三拔 (Sabatino de Ursis, 1575–1620) and put into Chinese by Xu Guangqi 徐光啟.
Six juan. Bamboo paper in one ce with a paper case. No date or place of publication.

The cover bears a label with the title in Chinese and a Latin inscription: “Hydraulica | a p. Sabbathino | de Ursis, S.J.”

1. Cao Yubian 曹于汴 (1558–1634) of Hedong 河東, dated 1612 (Wanli 40), three and one-half folios (folio 2 is misplaced), two seals in cursive style: 曹于汴氏 and 黃朋之印.
2. Peng Weicheng 彭惟成, dated 1612, six folios, two wooden carved seals in cursive style: 彭惟成印 and 理學承家.
3. Xu Guangqi, dated 1612, five and one-half folios, two wooden carved seals in cursive style: 徐光啟 and 太史氏.
4. Zheng Yiwei 鄭以偉 of Shangyao 上[食+堯], four and one-half folios, two wooden carved seals: 以偉 and 石人木心.

The names of the revisers and the proofreaders are given in one folio: Cao Yubian, Peng Weicheng, Yao Yongji 姚永濟, Wan Chongde 萬崇德, Zhang Jian 張鍵, Zhang Nai 張鼐, Li Yangzhi 李養志, Li Lingyun 李凌雲, and Yang Rugao 楊如皋.
The folios 1 of juan 1–5 give the title of the book, the number of the juan and the names of the authors (Sambiasi and Xu Guangqi) and of the reviser (Li Zhizao): 泰西熊三拔撰說，吳淞徐光啟筆記，武林李之藻訂正.
There are ten columns to each half folio with twenty characters to each column and twenty in the case of annotations. The title of the book is given in the middle of each folio. The number of the juan and of the folio and the titles of the chapters are given below the fish tail.

Juan 1–4 deal with hydraulic methods (論水法). Juan 5 gives replies to those who have doubts on the hydraulic system or wanted to know more about the system (水法或間). Juan 6 consists of illustrations.
From the preface of Cao Yubian, we learn that Matteo Ricci was the initiator of a book of this type. The plan was later carried out by de Ursis; cf. Pfister, p. 104: “Le P. Ricci lui [de Ursis] fit apprendre à fond la langue chinoise, dirigeant ses études et l’instruisant d’une manière spéciale de ce qui regardait la philosophie naturelle.” (Bartoli, Cina, p. 507).
Xu Guangqi later included this work in his own treatise on agriculture, the Nongzheng quanshu 農政全書 (sixty juan). The Taixi shuifa is also included in the Tianxue chuhan and in the Imperial Library, the Siku quanshu 四庫全書.

Cf. Pfister, p. 105, no. 1; Feng 1938, p. 124; Hsü 1949, pp. 307–312; SKTY 2078; Courant 5654–5655; Couplet, p. 13; DMB 2:1332.

Source: Albert Chan, S.J., Chinese Books and Documents in the Jesuit Archives in Rome, pp. 366-367.

Incomplete: stitched vol. (marked 下) contains only juan 4 & 5. (Original text was printed in 6 juan, with juan 6 containing the illustrations). For full description of Taixi shuifa 泰西水法 see: ARSI Jap.-Sin. record.
Last leaf contains copyist’s colophon and Japanese date: 安政二年 [1855]
內膳正板倉君有泰西水法寫本。屬予加和訓。余嘉其志。。。。。松下見林題...寫之 大塚藏畫.

Local access dig.pdf [De Ursis-Taixi shuifa (xia).pdf]
Image folder: Taixi shuifa.

本書以耶穌會士和天文學為主題, 系統查閱研讀了國內外所藏清代曆算著作,官方文獻和清人文集, 並與歐洲所藏第一手西文檔案資料互證, 在全球史和跨文化的視野下系統闡述天主教傳教士與歐洲天文學傳入中國的諸面相. 作者試圖將天文學傳播置於政治史,社會史和宗教史的語境中加以討論, 完整勾勒清代近兩百年間歐洲天文學在華傳播的歷程. 通過案例, 生動展現知識和權力交織的複雜背景, 進而揭示了康熙皇帝如何通過西學來達到控制漢人和洋人之目的; 深入分析了皇子,傳教士,欽天監官員和士大夫群體在知識傳播中所扮演的不同角色.

序章:　通天與敬天：歐洲科學在明清之際的傳播 -- 第一章: 耶穌會士與歐洲星占術著作的傳播 -- 第一節:　天啟崇禎間耶穌會士有關天文星占的相關論述 -- 第二節:　湯若望《天文實用》之編纂及其在清初的流傳 -- 第三節:　湯若望《天文實用》在乾隆時代的流傳 -- 第四節:　異端“新”知：穆尼閣對歐洲星占術的介紹 -- 第二章: 康熙初年曆法之爭與耶穌會士的東來 -- 第一節:　西洋曆法的改編與楊光先反教案 -- 第二節:　日影觀測與康熙研習西學之開端 -- 第三節:　來自澳門的“西學帝師” -- 第四節:　法國“國王數學家”來華 -- 第三章:　從觀星台事件到蒙養齋算學館的設立 -- 第一節:　觀星台事件和李光地對曆算的興趣 -- 第二節:　康熙時代的曆算活動與人才培養 -- 第三節:　蒙養齋算學館的建立及其曆算活動 -- 第四章:　科學與權力：日影觀測與康熙時代的曆法改革 -- 第一節:　康熙熱衷日影觀測之經過 -- 第二節:　1692年乾清宮之日影觀測 -- 第三節:　1711年日影觀測與曆法改革的緣起 -- 第五章:　“自立”精神與康熙時代的“西學中源”說 -- 第一節:　康熙西學態度的轉變及其背景 -- 第二節:　康熙與“西學中源”說的流行 -- 第三節:　士人對西學態度的演變 -- 第六章:　歐洲天文學新知的傳入與《欽若曆書》的編纂 -- 第一節:　蒙養齋算學館與格物窮理院 -- 第二節:　傅聖澤與歐洲新科學的介紹 -- 第三節:　《欽若曆書》的編纂與內容 -- 第七章:　科學和宗教之間：耶穌會士、禮儀之爭和日心說的傳播 -- 第一節:　科學和信仰：耶穌會士、奉教天文學家與禮儀之爭 -- 第二節:　耶穌會士和日心說的傳入 -- 第三節:　“用其技藝” ：康熙皇帝科學和宗教的兩手策略 -- 八章:　量天測地：耶穌會士與康乾時代的大地測量 -- 第一節:　康熙朝地圖測繪的背景 -- 第二節:　“西洋籌人”安多與子午線的測量-- 第三節:　地圖測繪的緣起和展開：測繪過程及路線 -- 第四節: 　乾隆時代的地圖測繪 -- 第九章:　復古與求新：雍正、乾隆間耶穌會士與宮廷天文學的傳播 -- 第一節:　宇宙體系的折中：《歷象考成後編》的編纂 -- 第二節: 會通中西：《儀象考成》的編修 -- 第三節:　耶穌會士與朝鮮燕行使的交往 -- 第四節:　後耶穌會士時代的宮廷天文學家 -- 結語

附錄一:　傅汎際、李之藻譯《寰有詮》及其相關問題 –- [一]　傅汎際和李之藻：《寰有詮》的譯者 -- [二]　《寰有詮》的底本及其翻譯 -- [三]　 新的天文觀測如何用於解釋亞里士多德宇宙論？ -- 附錄二:　新教傳教士與天文學的傳播（1807—1859）: [一]　 天王星知識在東南亞和中國沿海城市的傳播（嘉慶、咸豐朝）-- [二]　牛頓《自然哲學的數學原理》的早期傳播 -- [三]　 偉烈亞力：科學的傳播者和中國科學史研究的開拓者 -- 附錄三:　天文著作序跋彙編 -- 附錄四:　欽天監西洋人任職表 -- 附錄五:　外國人名表 -- 參考文獻 -- 索引 -- 後記.

主辦者: 中國人民大學清史研究所, 舊金山大學利瑪竇中西文化[歷史]研究所.
Organized by: Qing History Institute, Renmin University of Beijing, The Ricci Institute for Chinese-Western Cultural History at the University of San Francisco Center for the Pacific Rim.

Papers in Chinese or English.

只限本次會議使用。未經作者本人及會議組織者書面許可, 不得擅自引用或複印.
Conference use only. Not to be quoted or reproduced without written permission.

Two copies held.

Xixue yu Qingdai wenhua 西學與清代文化 / Huang Aiping, Huang Xingtao zhubian 黃愛平, 黃興濤主編.
Proceeding of the conference Xixue yu Qingdai wenhua guoji xueshu yantaohui 西學與清代文化國際學術研討會 (August 2006 : Beijing).
Includes bibliographical references.

第一編. 中西互視及其研究反思
清中前期國人對法國的認知 / 李華川. 兩個法國人三個中國人與18世紀法國兩種中國觀的形成 / 王憲明. 西學與清代中國形象的變遷片論 / 王日根. 18世紀西人眼中的康乾盛世 / 何瑜,柳岳武. 晚清中體西用論的再思考 / 王先明, 張海榮. 莊存與復興今文經學起因於與和坤對立說辨析: 兼論對海外中國學研究成果的吸收與借鑒 / 王俊義. 近代觀與西學觀 : 魏源研究的多元面向與反思 / 李紀祥. 十八世紀中國的現代性建構 : 中國中心觀主導下的清史研究反思 / 夏明方. 從嶺南檔案(1888-1952)沉思中美文化相遇 / 王棟著, 羅興連譯, 劉賢校.
第二編傳教士與宗教問題:傳教與禁教
方濟各會石鋒祿神父《初會問答》魚議 / 崔維孝. 清代早期中俄交涉與在華耶穌會教士 / 曹雯. 劉松齡及新發現史料的價值 / 高王凌. 康熙1692年寬容敷令與浙江 / 龔縷晏, 陳雪軍. 從清代檔案看雍正乾隆時期福建地區傳教與禁教 / 黃愛平.
作為他者的洋教 : 關於基督教與晚清社會關係的再闡釋 / 孫江. 西學初傳朝鮮 : 在華西方傳教士與朝鮮燕行使臣交往的歷史考察 / 楊雨蕾. 西方人對中國開封猶太人的調查始末 / 耿弄. 從再造到沒落 : 開封猶太教會堂在明清兩朝的歷史(1644-1860) / 查時傑.
第三編西學傳播與清代主流學術.
十七世紀東亞新知識體系的建立 : 徐光啟《海防迂說》及與陸若漢之關係 / 李天綱. 從新出版的清宮檔案看乾隆年間的西學東漸 / 吳伯婭. 先入之見與自以為是 : 清前期來華傳教士對程朱理學的跨文化詮釋 / 張昭軍. 西學與錢大昕的經史之學 / 王記錄. 從《漢學師承記》看西學對乾嘉考據學的影響 / 漆永祥. 清代初中期西學影響經學問題研究述評 / 湛曉白, 黃興濤. 西學視角下的戴震義理學 : 以章太炎, 劉師培, 梁啟超. 胡適對戴震義理學的解說為核心 / 李帆. 康有為《孟子微》發微 : 兼論以西學補充印證 / 汪學群.
晚清西方傳教士對儒學的認識 / 俞祖華, 胡瑞琴. 清代西方美學觀念和知識在華傳播考論 / 黃興濤. 謝衛樓與晚清西學輸入 / 吳義雄. 以史證教與以史駁教 : 清初天主教傳播與史學 / 闕紅柳. 多明我會傳教士利勝與清初華南地方史 / 張先清. 19世紀西方之新疆研究的興起及其與清代西北史地學的關聯 / 賈建飛. 泰西新史攬要 : 世紀史的新內容與新形式 / 鄒振環. 耶穌會在亞洲(Jesuítas na Ásia) : 檔案文獻與清史研究 / 張西平. 英國國家檔案館度藏近代中文輿圖的價值 / 華林甫.
第四編科學藝術的發展與西學.
歐洲天文學在清代社會中的影響 / 江曉原. 從清代無窮級數發展的歷程看西學的影響 / 羅見今. 清朝前期西洋鐘錶的仿製與生產 / 湯開建黃春艷. 王徽與丁若鋪 : 16至18世紀中韓兩位實學家對西洋奇器的研究與製造 / 牛潤珍, 安允兒. 西津銅版畫在清宮廷的流傳及其影響 / 沈定平. 十三行貿易與清中期廣製藝術品 / 劉路郭蕾. 西樂與清樂 : 西學與中國文化關係一個有機組成部分 / 鄭錦揚. 晚清衛生概念演變探略 / 餘新忠. 傳教士與近代西方外科學的傳入 : 以合信的《西醫略論》為例 / 張大慶. 清末陳垣醫學文章敘論 / 劉賢.
第五編西學與中國文化的近代化
清代以來海外留學的歷史及其意義 / 戴逸. 從明清天主教文獻看中國近現代理性思維方式的生成 / 王曉朝. 嚴復與近代學科 / 王天根. 採西學學科次第之論辯及其意義 : 略論晚清對西學門徑的探討/章清.
理解的困難與表達的偏差 : 晚清中國對美國總統制的解讀 / 熊月之. 近代西方財政理論在清末中國的傳播及影響 / 馬金華. 西方文化與十九世紀後期中國文化精英的婚姻觀 / 梁景和. 西學搖籃 : 清季香港雙語精英的誕生 / 李金強. 澳門土生葡人與中國近代外文報刊 / 李長森. 清末孫中山革命思想的西學淵源 : 上海孫中山故居西文藏書的一項審察 / 姜義華. 政治美德與國民共同體 : 梁啟超自由民族主義思想研究 / 許紀霖. 牆內開花牆外香 : 晚清漢澤西書在日本的傳播 / 王曉秋. 清末西學與明治日本 : 早期社會主義再考 / 川屁文彥(KAWAJIRI Fumihiko).

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