[Jesuits in China. China general. 1923-1967]

Archival collection of consisting primarily of newspaper clippings, magazine excerpts, and Agenzia Fides announcements, with a smaller number of mostly typescript letters, reports, and other records. The material from the early years is very sparse. The material from the 1960s concerns Taiwan.

Materials mostly in English, with some Latin, French, German, and Spanish.

Box 1: 1923-1939

Box 2: 1940-1947

Box 3: 1948-1951

Box 4: 1952-1959

Box 5: 1960-1967

Some of the material was previously catalogued as part of the collection "[Persecution of Catholics in China] / collected by Fr. Francis A. Rouleau, S.J.," for which a detailed inventory was produced. The parts of the inventory referring to folders in the present collection are reproduced below:

1 linear ft. of clippings, copies, and extracts from various Catholic mission journals, newletters, and newspapers concerning the persecution of Catholics in China from 1952-1968. Collected by Fr. Francis A. Rouleau after his expulsion from China, and arranged chronologically in 28 folders. Held in the Rouleau-Malatesta Archives of the Ricci Institute. Folders arranged chronologically by year; see individual folders for contents description.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1952:
Rev. John H. Houle, S.J., captives of the Chinese Communists, Robert McCann, captured Navy pilots, Rev. Justin Garvey. Review of Fr. Mark Tennien's No Secret is Safe, Maryknoll fathers. Fr. Adolph Lenz, Bethlehem Foreign Mission Society, Keshan, Manchuria; death of Rev. Joseph Zeman, Vincentian; Bp. Alfonso Ferroni, O.F.M., Laohekou, Hubei; death of Rev. Anthony Shen; Revs. Francis Li, Bonaventure Hu, Fr. Guerra; death of Bp. Francis X. Ford, M.M., Sr. Joan Marie Ryan, Meixian; Br. Jose Torres, Tunki (Dunji) Anhui Province, medical missionaries; Prefect Apostolic Msgr. Jose Fogued, Fr. Agust Rebollar; Abp. Joseph Chou Chi-shih (Zhou Jishi), Nanchang, Jiangxi Province; Abp. Ignatius Pi Shu-shih (Pi Shushi), Mukden; Abp. Cyril Rudolph Jarre, O.F.M., Jinan, Bp. Leo J. De Smedt, Xiwanzi, Bp. Alessandro Carlo, Lanlong; Dr. William L. Wallace, Baptist medical missionary, Stout Memorial Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi; Gertrude Cone, Methodist missionary; Bp. Adolph J. Paschang, M.M.; list of seven American bishops in prison; Abp. Theodore Buddenbrock, S.V.D., Lanzhou, Gansu Province; Society for the Propagation of the Faith visit to Sancian Island; Sr. Raymond Marie, Sr. Veronique (Congregation of Our Lady of the Angels, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, Canadian nuns); Fr. Matthew Ruf, Qiqihar; death of Bp. Joseph Louis Lapierre, Sipingkai, Manchuria, Canadian missioner; Rev. Alphonse Buggenhout, Belgian Scheut Father, Datong, Shanxi; Frs. Albert Geusens, John Kerkhofs, Joseph Lindmans, Scheut Congregation, Fr. Ferdinand Tops, Suiyuan Diocese; Salesian Orphanage of Xuzhou, Fr. Pietro Ye (in Italian); Mgr. Anthony Pott, S.V.D., Fr. Henry Clemens, Frederick Kornfeld, Xinyang; Fr. John Heisel, Xinyang, Henan.

Xinjiang Kalmuks; Pastor Francis Stockwell, Bp. Silvanus P. Valentin, Frs. Jean Baptiste Charrier, Joseph Le Corre, Ferdinando Pecorero, Gangting, Xikang, Yajiang, MEP; Chengdu Diocese arrests; death of Fr. Joseph Leon Arcand; Courier Dove, Shanghai communist newspaper on failure of "reform" of the Catholic Church; Statement of Bishop Kung Pin-mei (Kong Pinmei) to Shanghai Vice-Mayor (Fides, Feb 2-52); Trial and expulsion of Frs.. Henry Pinault, Philip Charel, Yves Colin, Chengdu; Legion of Mary; Fr. Louis X. Jantzen, Abp. of Nanjing, Fr. Joseph Gallice, Henry Magnan; Abp. Jean Joseph Deymier, Hangzhou, forced confession; Frs. Patrick Ronan, John Casey, Missionary Society of St. Columban, Legion of Mary; Br. Jospeh Maggi, Milan Foreign Mission Society, Bp. of Hanzhong, Shaanxi; Frs. John Baptist Nordio, Erminio Corbella, Louis Moschini; Bp. John O'Shea, C.M., Bp. of Ganzhou, Sr. Vincent De Lude, Sisters of Charity; Bp. Edward J. Galvin St. Columban Mission Society, Bp. of Hanyang, Hubei; "Lo Stato attuale dell'opera Salesiana in Cina," Michele Arduino, Bp. of Xuzhou, Agenzia Missionaria Silesiana, 30 Giu. 1952, n. 62; death of Canadian missioner Fr. Didace Arcand, Chefoo (Yantai), Shandong; Sr. Constantine Sarias, Sup. of Catholic Mission Hospital, Zhaodong, Yunnan Province (Congregation of the School Sisters of Graz, Austria), Dr. Janez, Msgr. Joseph Kerec, Srs. Martina Drofenik, Xaveria Jerebic; accusations of murder of orphans, Ste. Foy (Elizabeth Lemire), Ste. Germaine (Imelda Laperrière), Ste. Victor (Germaine Tanguay); on Christmas; remaining Vincentians in China, Bp. John A. O'Shea, Fr. Kenneth Williams, Joseph Gately, Francis Moehringer, Joseph Hill, Lawrence Curtis, Walter Menig, Albert Fedders, Lucien Lacoste, Donimique Foucoulet, Joachim Spini; Sisters of the Holy Ghost Bilhilda (Helen Blank), Francesca (M. Hillebrand), Yanzhoufu, Shandong Province, hospital doctors; Sr. Vincent Louise Delude, Fr. Jules Meyrat, Ganzhou; Fr. Gaetano Pollio, Abp. of Kaifeng report on communist occupation of the mission; Rev. Ho (He) Vicar General of the Kaifeng Diocese; Seminarian Paul Che (Zhe), Abp. Anthony Riberi, papal Internuncio, Abp. Gaetano Pollio; Bp. Charles William Quinn, C.M.; Report: "Rééducation des Fonctionnaires au Yun-nan," M. Gerber, Fides doc. 21.VI. 1952 v. II, n.36, p. 297.; expulsion of Bp. August Gaspais, Qilin; death of Fr. Paul Muller, S.V.D.; expul. of Frs. Rene Boisguerin, Bp. of Yibin, Fr. John Larrart, Abp. of Guiyang, murder of Frs. Martin Joseph Ly and Charles Cheu (Tcheu); Canadian nuns Sr. Raymond Marie (Rose Alma Larose), Sr. Veronique (Jeanne Dionne), Sr. Alphonse du Redempteur (Antoinette Couvrette), Sr. Marie Germaine (Germaine Gravel), Sr. Notre Dame de Belval (Agnes Gruson), Mother St. Aubert Le Baron, Mother Prazeres da Silval, Sr. Mercedes Isaisi, Sr. Teresa Elorduy; Collegio Don Bosco a Macao; death of Abp. Ignatius Pi, Sr. Joan Gabriel Tounel; Fides doc. 13. XII. 1952. v. II, n. 45, p. 399 on communist persecution tactics and techniques (in French).

Report: Expulsion of 94 Catholic missioaries during June (1952); Frs. Harold Watters, Donald Fitzgerald, Eugene Spencer, Richard Downey, Wilfred Le Sage, Raineiro Bengoechea, John Toomey, Sr. Maria Corazon Jaramillo, Sr. Dominic Marie Turner, Aiden McGrath, Huzhou (Hangzhou); plans of Chinese communists for Chinese priests (Fides 7-5-52); "Comment les communistes ont anneanti la mission de Kirin (Mandchourie)," Mgr. A. Gaspais (Agenzia Internazionale Fides, Fides doc. 16, III. 1952, v.II, n. 30); article on overseas Chinese; "Higher education in communist China" (Fides #328); several articles on China under the communists "La Chine Rouge" ed. of Missi, 5 Mai 1952, XVIIe ann. n. 160.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1952:
Fides doc. 12. I. 1952. v. II, n. 26, pp. 208-210 on the persecution of Fr. Chang, S.J. (in French); imprisonment of Fr. Eugene Lauzon, S.J.; International Fides Service Feb. 9th, 1952. #297, NE 49, Asia China Shanghai “Aurora University” students about sacrifices to Bp. Kiung [Kong]; death of Frs. Anthony Renson & Henry Ullings, persecution of Vincentian Fr. Henri Hermans, Jesuit Frs. Alfred Bonningue, Louis Watine, Henry Pollet & Rene Archen; Rev. Thomas J. Bauer, M.M. about torturing Monsignor Eugene Fahy, S.J., imprisoned with Jesuit Rev. James E. Thornton and Frs. William D. Ryan & Paul Beauce, arrival of Rev. Rudolf Blockinger, O.F.M. Cap.; Fides Nov. 1-52 on expulsion of Fr. Joseph Szajko, S.J. from Shanghai; International Fides Service Jan. 5th, 1952, #292, NE 6 on arrest of Rev. Philip Cote S.J., Bp. of Suzhou, Jiangsu, along Rev. Paul Chang, S.J., Revs. Paul Hsu & Paul Kiang; International Fides Service Jan. 26th, 1952, #295, NE 32 on expulsion of Canadian Jesuits, Revs. Maurice Begin, Leon Malois & Philip Guimet; Rev. Eugene Lauzon, S.J. on torture; release of Bp. Philip Cote, S.J. along Rev. Horace Labranche & Paul Tien; expulsion of Bp. Philip Cote, S.J.; International Fides Service Mar. 7th, 1953, #351, NE 78. Bp. Zeno Aramburu, S.J., of Wuhu, interview about increasingly failing position in Communist China; Fr. Matthew Su dies in prison; International Fides Service Oct. 4th, 1952, # 329, NE 290 on release of Sts. Mercedes Isaśi & Teresa Edsuroy from the Sisters of Marcy of Berritz; Msgr. Eugene Fahy congratulates Abp. Joseph Kuo on consecration; American Jesuits in China, San Francisco, IV-5 May 1952 on exit visas for Frs. Donohoe, Klaeser, Latham, Rouleau, Jack Clifford, LeSage, Gatz & John Brennan, no applications for Frs. Charles McCarthy, Philips, Houle & Palm; American Jesuits in China, San Francisco, IV-10 October 1952, on transfers to Japan; (Fides) Apr. 12-52 on expulsion of Rev. George Germain, S.J., rector of Aurora University; arrests at Zikawei Orphanage of Rev. John Billot, S.J. & St. Pia de Moppay; Chengdu without foreign missionary priests; International Fides Service June 14th, 1952, # 315, NE 188 on barbarous treatment, arrival in Hong Kong of Jesuit Msgr. Eugene Fahy and Revs. James Thornton, William Ryan & Paul Beauce; Fr Louis J. Dowd, S.J. on desolation; International Fides Service June 14th, 1952, # 315, NE 189 on Msgr. Fahy’s treatment in prison.

Life Magazine Sept. 8th, 1952, pp.126-146 on Msgr. Eugene E. Fahy’s time before, during, and after imprisonment by the Communists. In Yangchow (Yangzhou) with Frs. Thornton, Ryan, Beaucé, Liou (Liu) and Br. Fekete. Attacks by Lo Ping-yeh (Luo Pingye). Speech by Chu Shih Ch’ang (Zhu Shichang).

Fides doc. 22. XI. 1952, vol. II, n. 43, pp. 371-376 on P. Biaucé’s treatment before and during imprisonment (in French); Louis J. Dowd, S.J. on mistreatment in Nanking (Nanjing) and Yangchow (Yangzhou); Rev. John B. Ebel, series on noted converts; Msgr. Fahy and Frs. William D. Ryan, James Thornton & Paul Beauce are released; Fr. Albert R. O’Hara, S.J. on bleak Christmas; Apostolic Letter to the martyr-church of China; (Fides) Jan 26-52 on imprisonment of Sts. Mercedes Isasi and Theresa Elorduy; International Fides Service Feb. 2nd, 1952, # 296, NE 39 on candidates for priesthood in Wuhu held on starvation diet; International Fides Service Mar. 15th, 1952, # 302, NE 94 on children’s letter from Tou Se Wei (Tushanwan 土山灣) orphanage saving Rev. John Billot, S.J. jail; Fr. Edward J. Murphy, S.J. introduction to summer school in Formosa; notes on summer school in Formosa; notes on summer school in Formosa; Frederick J. Foley, S.J. on house rules in Jesuit house in Taipei (Taibei), staff: Frs. Edward Murphy, Patrick Shaules, Fredric Weingartner, F.J. Foley, Joseph B. Donohoe, Jose Rodriguez & Br. James Finnegan; International Fides Service Dec. 20th, 1952, # 340, NE 377 on expelled Italian and Spanish missionaries: Rev. Frs. Fausto Gnavi, Adolfo Novella, Mariano Santos & Br. Restituto Diez; Mons. Frederico Melendro, S.J. on treatment of Jesuits in China (in Spanish); (Fides, 29.11.52) on expulsion of Fr. Joseph M.H., S.J. for six crimes; Dominicans open house; International Fides Service May 10th, 1952, #310, NE 150 on numbers of imprisonments and expulsions, name list; Albert O’Hara on China’s new marriage law; letter about future assignments.

List of person/topics in these articles from 1953:
U. S. News & World Report, March 13, 1953, Interview with John D. Hayes, Presbyterian Missionary. Imprisoned in Kweiyang (Guiyang), current life in China, the trial; Fr. Joseph Peter McGinn from Maryknoll expelled; U. S. News & World Report, February 20, 1953, “China Blockade: How it Works”; The Saturday Evening Post, September 12, 1953, pp. 32-33, pp. 164-165?, George Weller: “Will Red China Break with Russia?”, including report about Li Lisan, rival of Mao Zedong; The New York Magazine, September 20, 1953, pp. 9, 64, 66, 68, Barbara Ward: “The Fateful Race Between China and India”, a rather economical report; The Saturday Evening Post, June 20, 1953, pp. 27, 119-121, 123, Reginald C. Thomas: “I spied on The Chinese Communists”; Fides doc., 28. II. 1953, vol. II, n. 46, pp. 408-412, Léon Trivière M.E.P.: “Developpement de la Question Agraire en Chine Communiste” (in French); Fides doc., 19. XII. 1953, vol. III, n. 3, pp. 33-39, Léon Trivière M.E.P.: “Le Mariage en Chine Communiste” (in French); Fides doc., 28. III. 1953, vol. II, n. 50, pp. 446-453, Léon Trivière M.E.P.: “La Reeducation des Prisonniers en Chine Communiste (1)”, includes pretrial moves (in French); Fides doc., 28. XI. 1953, vol. III, n. 2, pp. 28-30, Albert R. O’Hara, S.J.: “Chinese Communist Society takes Shape”, Five-Year-Plan, collectivation; Fides doc, 28. XI. 1953, vol. III, n. 2, pp. 16-22, Léon Trivière M.E.P.: “Le Role des Femmes dans la Chine Nouvelle” (in French).

Fides doc., 26. IX. 1953, vol. III, n. 1, pp. 1-15, Léon Trivière M.E.P.: “La Jeunesse de la Chine sous l’Emprise du Communisme” (in French); (Fides, Jan. 31, 1953), Irish Columban Frs. Seumas O’Reilly and Luke O’Reilly mistaken as Soviets; International Fides Service, December 12, 1953, # 390, NE 360, Frs. Theodore Roling, S.V.D. & Hugo Schulz, S.V.D.’s experience, together with Fr. Louis Andrea, S.M.B.; (Fides, March 21, 1953), Lanchow (Lanzhou) regional seminary, Episcopal Bp. Buddenbrock; Book review: “Cavalry in China”, Fr. Robert Greene, Maryknoller, Fr. John F. Donovan, superior; International Fides Service January 10, 1953, # 343, NE 9, Fr. McGinn’s ordeal, met Frs. William O’Hara, C.M., Paul Duchesne, M.M., Albert O’Hara, S.J. & Bp. Pashang (Bashang) of Kongmoon (Jiangmen); International Fides Service, December 6, 1953, # 389, NE 357, Msgr. Hermenegild Hintringer, O.FM.Cap., Prefect Apostolic of Kiamusze (Jiamusi) heading the list of expelled; Zealandia, May 7, 1953, Rev. Francis Xavier Ford, D.D. martyred, recollected by Str. Joan Marie from Maryknoll; International Fides Service, February 28, 1953, # 350, NE 65, Release of Franciscan Mtrs. St. Aubert & Dos Prazeres, originally additionally charged were Mtrs. Achille, Robertlebis, Bilhildis Just & Venantia; Fides, 7/20/53, overseas Chinese; (Fides, Jan. 3, 1953), Bp. Charles van Melckebecke of Ninghsia (Ningxia) will serve from outside; (Fides), July 11, 1953, Brs. of the Society of the Divine Word back from Tsingtao (Qingdao): Matthew (John Swift), Michael Kirsch, Paul Christ, William Witte, Paul Karlheim, Ernest Montag, Casper Sinzig & Francis Maus, as Franciscan priests Edmund Trachternach, Edward Sauvage, Carhaix France, Fabian Bougeard & Burkhard born Napiersky; International Fides Service, March 21, 1953, # 353, NE 90 on expelled Bethlehem Mission Society Fr. Jorrit De Boer in Talihsien (Dalixian); International Fides Service, November 21, 1953, # 387, NE 341 on Fr. Siegried Schneider, O.F.M. of Wuchang and nine others expelled; International Fides Service, June 20, 1953, # 366, NE 185, arriving in Hong Kong: Fr. Joseph Wehner, Strs. Lucentia (B. Leber) & Mary Dulcena (Mary Woitukiewiez); [Fides], expelled: Rev. Augustine Olbert, S.V.D., Bp. of Tsingtao (Qingdao), Frs. John Dahlenkamp, S.V.D., Joseph Kaufhold, S.V.D., William Kreomer, S.V.D. & Bertram Rüssel, S.V.D.

International Fides Service, March 7, 1953, # 351, NE 80 on expulsion of Abp. Rev. Luke Capozi, O.F.M. of Taiyuan; (Fides), Dec. 12-53, four Strs. Of the Immaculate Conception arriving in Hong Kong from Szepingkai (Sipingjie): Marie Josephine (Elaine Gravel), Ste Emerentienne (Berte Fleurent), Marie de la Charite (Corine Bourassa) & Marie Germaine (Germaine Gravel); International Fides Service, December 12, 1953, # 390, NE 359, treatment of Bp. Faustino Tissot from Chengchow (Zhengzhou), arriving in Hong Kong: Revs. Theodore Franco, S.X. & Salvatore Santi, S.X. of Loyang (Luoyang), Brs. Valerian Germano & Rigoni, S.X. of Chengchow (Zhengzhou); The Church World, 1/30/53, Fr. Peter Crevits model prisoner; International Fides Service, February 14, 1953, # 348, NE 50/51, Br. Leo Stocco of Parma Mission Society in Chengchow (Zhengzhou) mistreated and expelled; 2/19/53, expulsion of Br. Leo Stocco; [Fides], arrivals in Hong Kong: Amoy (Xiamen) Bp. John B. Velasco, O.P., Rev. John Fernandez, O.P., Frs. August Barreau, M.E.P from Pakhoi Diocese & Schmitz, S.V.D.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1953:
International Fides Service, March 28, 1953, # 354, NE 96, Arriving in Hong Kong: Revs. John M. Struyven, Trappist priest of Chengtingfu (Zhengdingfu), Hopei (Hebei) & Rene Flament, Vincentian priest; International Fides Service, November 28, 1953, # 388, NE 350, Hankow (Hankou) church desecrated, Fr. Gervasius Rossato, O.F.M. arrives; (Fides, Febr. 7, 1953), Fr. Joseph Seng of Hanyang Diocese dies, witnessed by Fr. John Billot, S.J., arrests of: Msgrs. Gabriel Quint Ch’en & Gustave Prevost, Frs. Francis X. Legrand, Aiden McGrath, Matthew Ch’en & Joseph Seng; Fides doc., 28. XI. 1953, vol. III, N. 2, pp. 23-28, S.E.Mons. Juan B. Velasco, O.P.: “Cuatro Años de Comunismo en Amoy”; (Fides, Jan. 3, 1953), expulsion of Srs. Alphonse du Rédempteur & Marie Germaine (Germaine Gravel) from Canton (Guangzhou), Sr. Imelda of Hong Kong informed, welcomed by Msgr. Martin T. Gilligan & Fr. Albert R. O’Hara; International Fides Service, January 31, 1953, # 346, NE 35, Sr. Dominic Marie Turner from Kongmoon (Jiangmen) released, Fr. John Toomey, M.M., expelled earlier; Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. of Yuanling released; Advocate, 11/21/53, interview with Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. about ordeal; International Fides Service, May 9, 1953, # 360, NE 142, arrival in Hong Kong of Rev. Cuthbert O’Gara, Bp. of Yuanling, and Revs. Paul Ubinger, C.P. & William Westoben; release of Bp. John A. O’Shea, C.M. of Kanchow (Ganzhou); January 15, 1953, expulsion of Str. Vincent Loise DeLude, D.C. of Kanchow (Ganzhou), reunion with Str. Louise Cush, D.C.; (Fides, Feb. 14, 1953), Vincentian Fr. Joseph Hill of Kanchow (Ganzhou), Kaingsi (Guangxi) leaves for Hong Kong; International Fides Service.

October 31, 1953, # 384, NE 321, Frs. John Brambilla & John Carbone, both with P.I.M.E., leave Kaifeng, Honan (Henan) for Hong Kong; International Fides Service, November 7, 1953, # 385, NE 328/329, arriving in Hong Kong from Kaifeng: Frs. Henfy Vigo, P.I.M.E., Dionysius Busnelli, P.I.M.E. & Victor Pollo, P.I.M.E., arriving from Chengchow (Zhengzhou) Parma Missionary Frs. Sperindio Orlandini & Joseph Zanini, arrest of Brothes Stocco, M.D., ordeal for Brs. Gemma & Rigoni; International Fides Service, November 21, 1953, # 387, NE 343, Bp. Karl Weber, S.V.D. arrives in Hong Kong from Tientsin (Tianjin), bp. of Ichowfu (Yizhoufu?), Shantung (Shandong); (Fides, Sept. 5, 1953), Bp. Hermenegild Focaccia, O.F.M., dies at Yutze, Shansi (Shanxi) of heart disease; (Fides, September 19, 1953), arrival in Hong Kong of Fr. Henry Schmitz, S.V.D. from Yengchowfu (Yangzhoufu?); expelled: Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. of Yuanling, Frs. Paul Ubinger, C.P. & William Westhoven, C.P.; expulsion of three Jesuits: Frs. Mario Francisconi, S.J., Clemente Dutto, S.J. & Constantino Fadda, S.J.; (Fides, Jan. 3, 1953), “Last Foreign Priests Expelled from Nanking - 6 Other Missionaries”: Frs. Gerbert Dierksmeier & Raoul Falaise, missionaries: Rev. Frs. Daniel Sicard, S.J., Juan B Lazpita, S.J., Juan A. Arcaya, S.J., Guerrino Marsecano, S.J., Rudolph Frish, S.V.D. & Rev. Br. Francisco Mendiburu; American missionaries still imprisoned in Shanghai: Thomas L. Phillips, S.J., Charles J. McCarthy, S.J., John A. Houle, S.J., John William Clifford, S.J. & Joseph McCormack, M.M.; International Fides Service, November 21, 1953, # 387, NE 342, Fr. Henry Pattyn, S.J. arrives from Pekin (Beijing); (Fides, Feb. 14, 1953), Fr. Joseph Jaeggy, S.J. arrives from Tientsin (Tianjin) in Hong Kong, with Fr. Enrico Rimaldi, P.I.M.E. of Weihwei (Weihui) Mission in Honan (Henan); 1/30/53, nine priests: Frs. Joseph Caron, S.J., Aurelian Demers, S.J., Matthias Haberl, S.V.D., Guiseppe Muttoni, S.J., Pietro Donatelli, S.J., Luis Castillo, S.J. & Francis Xerica, and four nuns starved and expelled, also expelled: Frs. Innocente Burroni, O.F.M. & Bartlme Elmar, O.F.M., Bp. Msgr. Zeno Arramburu remains confined with seven priests and four brothers, Jesuit Frs. Chang & Hu forced to live with progressivists.

Catholic Opinion, January 25, 1953, Fr. Jose Rodriguez expelled for harboring downed pilot, also expelled Frs. Alonso Barandiaran, S.J. & Henri Cotto of Paris foreign Mission Society; (Fides, Dec. 12-53), Rev. F.X. Tchao, S.J., Bp. of Diocese of Sienhsien (Xian Xian) in Hopeh (Hebei), is detected, release of other priests, still jailed: Frs. Chrysostom Chang & Joseph Wang; Fr. Su dies in Wuhu, ousted: Frs. Emeric Kekessy, Avelino Echarri, S.J., Emanuel Reinaud, S.J. & Br. Barrenechea, S.J.; Catholic Review, 2/6/53, Fr. Matthew Su of Wuhu dies of starvation; American Jesuits in China, April, 1953, vol. II, No. 4, Msgr. Fahy organizes Yangchow Guardians, Frs. Joseph Donohoe & Shaules teach Beda Tsang Hall; American Jesuits in China, March 1953, vol. II, No. 3, news from Formosa; (Fides, Dec. 2-53), Fr. Richard Kennedy being nursed by Chinese convert; nine priests and four nuns: Strs. Angeles Acha, Pilar Ibanez, Josefa Iraola & Freforia Otaegui, arrive in Hong Kong, earlier arrival: Fr. Peter Crevets; (Fides, Jan. 31, 1953), two French Jesuits, Frs. Francis Thery, S.J. & John Billot, S.J., arrive in Hong Kong; International Fides Service, January 3, 1953, # 342, NE 1, Rev. Daniel Sicard, S.J. arrives in Hong Kong from overcrowded jail; International Fides Service, January 31, 1953, # 346, NE 34, 15 cross over to Hong Kong: from Anking (Anjing) Frs. Francisco Jaureguizar, S.J., Juan del Rio, S.J., Brs. Blas Burguaga, S.J., Aguio, S.J., Pariente, S.J., José Joaristi, S.J., Frs. Francisco Echaverria, S.J., from Pengpu (Bengbu), Anhwei (Anhui) Francisco Biancolini, Emilio Putero, Donato Scattaglia, Dominico Gras, S.J. & Modesto Vasquez, S.J., no more missionaries in Anking (Anjing); Francis Fallert, S.J. & Leonard Kaufer, S.J.: “The Story of a Catechism Class”; (Fides, July 18, 1953), Rev. Clement Dutto, S.J., reports about Ankwei (Ankui) northeast of Pengpu (Bengbu); Edward J. Murphy, S.J.: report of student Theresa Chang; Theresa Chang; American Jesuits in China, 1953, closure of Zikawei, Fr. Lacrotelle in prison.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1954:
New Leader, January 25, 1954, G. S. Bhargava: “The Tibet Headache”; “Red Mob Desecrates Blessed Sacrament”, Hachow (Hazhou), Hupeh (Hubei), Fr. Rossato; Abp. Joseph Chou (Chou Chi Shih) (Zhou Jishi?) of Nanchang dies in prison, reported by expelled Fr. Angel Bacchin, further expelled: Society of St. Francis Xavier Frs. Hugo Bonaventura, O.P., Raymond Bergamin, Dominican Srs. Rosa Edmunda Keller & Anna Christa Bundi, ordinations of Frs. Bernard Kao, Linus Liao & Stephen Chang; Time, March 1, 1954, p. 26, “The New Empire Builders”, about new infrastructure; Lienche Fang: “Report on Books in China”; U. S. News & World Report, Oct. 1, 1954, pp. 40-48, 110-132, “How the Communists got China” by John Leighton Stuart; Business Week, July 24, 1954, Special Report, pp. 1-11, “Red China: An Ancient Land with New Ambitions”; Saturday Evening Post, December 25, 1954, pp. 24, 78-79, Henry William Carter: “You Can’t Do Business with Red China”, businessman forced to run waterworks; Saturday Evening PostOctober 30, 1954, pp. 24-25, 143, 145-146, 149, Joseph Alsop: “Will China Stay Red?”, little-known truths; Life, September 20, 1954, pp. 47-48, 50, 52, 55-56, 58 Rene MacColl: “With Laborites in Lotus Land on Guided and Misguided Tour”, planned, unplanned sights; The New Leader, October, 18, 1954, p. 6, Jack James: “Red China’s New Constitution”, interpretation; The New Leader, December, 20, 1954, pp. 12-14, Irwin Ross: “Red China’s Dope Peddlers”, Heroin from China; U. S. News & World Report, July 2, 1954, pp.32-33, “Reds Gain Among Chinese Overseas”; James F. Kearney, S.J.: "The Jesuits Dig in in Malaya", Fr. Kelly, catholic school.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1955:
[Fides], Fr. Octavian Devries, C.I.C.M. from Chihfeng (Zhifeng) in Jehol (Liaoning) arrives in Hong Kong and reports; (Fides, Dec. 17-55) on Frs. Tong Che-Tseu & Cheu’s efforts at continuation in Chungking (Chongqing), layman John Baptist Chang; International Fides Service, November 19, 1955, # 485, NE 334, Fr. Sun(g?), Vicar General of Jehol (Liaoning) administering for expelled Bp. Oste, C.I.C.M.; International Fides Service, January 8, 1955, # 442, NE 1, expulsion of Abp. Riberi, statistics about expulsions, deaths, imprisonments; (Fides, Nov. 19-55), Rev. A. Ferroni, O.F.M., Bp. of Laohokow (Laohukou), arrives in Rome, Abp. Peter Sigismondi present; International Fides Service, May 21, 1955, # 561, NE 143, 200,000 Catholics among 12 million overseas Chinese; The Shield, September, 1955, pp. 2-3, 28-31, Rev. Thaddeus Yang, O.S.B.: “Religion among the Chinese”, account of historical and current situation; various articles related to contemporary China.

 List of persons/topics in these articles from 1956:
International Fides Service, July 14, 1956, # 520, NE 185, Mission of Sienhsien (Xian Xian?) in Hupeh (Hubei), formerly under Bp. Msgr. Francis Xavier Chao, S.J.; Pat Shaules, S.J.: “Catholic Mission Hsinchu Taiwan”; Clarke Trent, S.J. on Christmas in Manila; (Fides, Apr. 28-56), Chinese in Vietnam; International Fides Service, February 25, 1956, Rev. Henry Cotto in Tamatave, Madagascar, Catholic Chinese Center; International Fides Service, September 22, 1956 on ongoing church in China, 24 remaining missionaries, Bp. Rev. James E. Walsh, incarceration of Bps. Rev. Alphonse Ferroni & Rev. Ignatius Kiong Pin Mei, Rev. Francis Xavier Tchang vicar capitular; various articles about contemporary China.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1957:
Register, Feb. 4, 1957, Frs. Gerald J. Pope, S.J. & Louis J. Dowd, S.J. withdraw from teaching in Nanking (Nanjing); Fr. Patrick Shaules, S.J.: “Hsinchu Mission Letter”, boom time for church; Jack Deeney, S.J.: “Jesuit House of Correction”, St. Francis Xavier, Fr. Noel Chabanel, S.J.; International Fides Service, January 19, 1957, # 547, NE 16, Chinese refugees in Macau entrusted to Bp. Rev. Polycarp da Costa; International Fides Service, April 27, # 561, NE 115, “The Church in Macao”; [Fides], “The Chinese Diaspora”; [Fides], 2/9/57, overseas Chinese and Singapore; International Fides Service, August 24, 1957, # 576, NE 229, “Chinese in Canada”; International Fides Service, February 2, 1957, # 549, NE 29, foreign missionaries in China in early 1957: Revs. Peter Hengsberg, Fulgence Cross, Cyril Wagner, Charles McCarthy, Hohn Houle, Anatole Chestin, James Walsh, Joseph McCormack, Kim, Yen, Gratian Kolodziechik, Alex Bulkiewicz, Srs. Winifred Duff, Caroline Bordeleau, Cecile Levoille, Olga Fedorawich, Stefanie Mugler, Helen Hanlon, Catherine Rogan, Molly O’Sullivan, Therese Grossens, Irene Zarotiadi & Rose Millefante; International Fides Service, February 23, 1957, # 552, NE 55, on situation in China, Rev. Malcolm Mackay; various articles on contemporary China.

 List of persons/topics in these articles from 1958:
Fides, Mar. 22-58, Soochow (Suzhou) diocese, Rev. Ignatius Kiung (Kung, Gong Pinmei), Bp. of Shanghai; International Fides Service, January 18, 1958, # 595, NE 20, condemnation of Rev. Joseph Hu, C.M., Bp. of Taichow (Taizhou), Rev. Paul Su, Rev. John Wang, imprisonment of Rev. Dominic Tang, S.J., Abp. of Canton (Guangzhou), Abp. of Nanchang Rev. Joseph Chow (Zhou), C.M., released; Pat Shaules: letter from Hsinchu (Xinchu), Taiwan; International Fides Service, October 18, 1958, # 362, NE 296, Amoy (Xiamen) language school for Chinese priests, St. Joseph Chinese Seminary; Fides Doc., 5. IV. 1958, vol. III, n. 43, pp. 386-391, “Election d’évêques et recrutement du clergé par l’Association Patriotique” on situation in China, Vicaire Capitulaire Tong Wen-long, Mgr, Jarre, O.F.M. Mme. Kiong, Mgr. Ignace Kiong (in French); International Fides Service, May 31, 1958, # 613, NE 156, Chinese congress about Abp. Rev. Joseph Chow, Vicar Capitular Chang Shih-leang, accusers: Hu Chin-ming, Ma Li-hua, Cheng Tu-ching, San Yao-han & Chang Cheng-to; Fides doc., 22. II. 1958, vol. III, n. 41, pp. 369-373, “Differents Aspects de la Situation”, Mgr. Kiong, Ministre de l’Intérieur Lo Jui-ching (Luo Ruijing) (in French); communist confidence, Rev. Jules Meyrat; Fides doc., 22. XII. 1958, vol. III, n. 47, pp. 420-423, “Le Communautes Catholiques de la Diaspora Chinoise” (in French); International Fides Service, January 11, 1958, # 594, NE 8, successful diasopra; International Fides Service, March 22, 1958, # 602, NE 86, diaspora in Indonesia; International Fides Service, February 1, 1958, # 596, NE 33, “Chinese Students in America”; International Fides Service, June 14, 1958, # 615, NE 168, Chinese diaspora; (Fides, Oct. 18, 1958), Chinese in the Philippines; various articles about contemporary China.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1959:
12/29/59, about St. Francis Xavier; 3/8/59, arrest of Mgr. Dominic Tang and Fr. Anthony Yen Te-keng (Ren/Yan Degeng); (Fides, Oct. 14, 1959), Diaspora Chinese in Madagascar; International Fides Service, September 19, 1959, # 681, NE 693, Chinese in South Africa; International Fides Service, October 3, 1959, # 683, NE 712, “China’s Tragic Decade”, summary of Communist Party’s oppression, “obliged to apostasy”; Newsweek, June 8, 1959, on People Party Power in Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew, Overseas Chinese, support for Peking; International Fides Service, August 8, 1959, # 675, NE 236-237, Catholic Relief Services for refugees in Macau, Fr. Charles de Foucauld, Srs. Dominica Pascale & Cecile Andree de Jesus, refugee Peter Chu (Zhu) about his ordeal as Catholic, 5 Catholic refugees to Macau; (Fides, April 11, 1959), Frs. Joseph Li Ts’ung-cha (Li Congzha) & John Baptist Wang Hsi-hsien (Wang Xixian) imprisoned in Inner Mongolia, accusers Chang Wei-hing (Zhang Weijing?) & Chao Kuou-fan (Zhao Guofan); National Review, February 28, 1959, pp. 553-555, Christian view of Communist recognition, persecution of religion; various articles about contemporary China, Great Leap Forward.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1960:
James F. Brown, S.J. on ordination of priests in Taiwan; [Fides], Bp. Simon Tsu (Zu) dies in Haimen near Nanking (Nanjing); [Fides], Macau students in Catholic schools; International Fides Service, January 30, 1960, # 700, NE 45, schools in 1957; International Fides Service, August 20, 1960, # 729, NE 270, numbers of refugees in Macau; Fides doc. 8. III. 1960, vol. IV, no. 14, pp. 82-85, student congress in Peking (Beijing), president: Hu Chi-li (Hu Jili) (in French); International Fides Service, March 25, 1960, # 708, NE 99, Bp. James E. Walsh, Francis Cardinal Spellman, accusations; International Fides Service, March 25, # 708, NE 106-109, trials of Bps. Rev. Ignatius Kiung & James Edward Walsh, 13 priests, Anthony Riberi, Fernand Lacretelle, Louis King, S.J., other accused: Chu Hsueh-fan (Zhu Xuefan) Sylvester, Chen Che-min (Zhen Zhemin), Chang Si-pin (Zhang Xibin), Chu Shu-te (Zhu Shude) S.J. Francis, Chen Tien-sang (Zhen Diansang) S.J. Gabriel, Tsu Hong-seng (Zhu Hongseng) Vincent, S.J., Tsa Tsong-i (Zha Zongyi) Francis X.S.J., Wang Jen-cheng (Wang Renzheng) Aloysius, S.J., Fou Ngo-tse (Fu Eze?) John Nepomucene, Chen Yu-tang (Zhen Yudang) Joseph, S.J., Li Se-ngoh (Li Sewo?), Lieou Ki-che (Liu Jishe?), Heou Tche-cheng (Hou Zhezheng?); International Fides Service, April 9, 1960, # 710, NE 127, Chan Po about Rev. Ignatius Kiung; (Fides), Mar. 25, 1960, Bp. Rev. William Charles Quinn, C.M. dies in Formosa (Taiwan); Fides doc., 9. I. 1960, vol. IV, n. 5, pp. 32-39, “Diaspora Chinoise 1960” (in French); Fides doc., 29. III. 1960, vol. IV, no 17, pp. 95-100, about magic bread, destruction of family in China; July 8, 1960, Rev. I. Oudejans, O.F.M. on discrimination of Chinese in Indonesia; (Fides), July 9, 1960, Chinese in Mauritius, Fr. Emil Vandewalle, S.J.; (Fides), July 9, 1960, situation of Eastern Chinese diaspora; International Fides Service, March 25, 1960, # 708, NE 104, persecution of Chinese in Indonesia, Treaty of Bandung; (Fides), March 5, 1960, Malaya Chinese Diaspora; various articles about contemporary China.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1961:
4/25/61, anniversary Fr. Luis Castillo, S.J., Fr. Provincial; namelist : Caritas, Hong Kong, 1961; daily program Caritas, Hong Kong, 1961; agenda for SELA meeting, July 1961; March 1961, KuangChi (Guangqi) Cultural & Educational Program Ctr.; KCEP broadcasting; International Fides Service, September 9, 1961, # 807, NE 475-478, report on “Patriotic” church, persecution; 9/61, schismatic church a flop; various articles on contemporary China.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1962:
NCWC News Service (Foreign), 10/8/62 - F., Thomas Cardinal Tien (Tian) of Taipei (Taibei), anniversary of Paul Hsu (Xu); flier St. Aloysius Technical School, Taiwan.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1963:
description of Jesuits in Taiwan, 1963; Msgr. E. E. Fahy, S.J.: “Bamboo Shoots”, chronology of events in Taiwan; Msgr. E. E. Fahy, S.J.: “Bamboo Shoots”, chronology of events in Taiwan; Edward J. Murphy, S.J.: “American Jesuits in China, Tien Educational Center”, brochure, 1963.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1964:
Memorabilia S.J., februario 1964, no. 2, “De salute N. P. Generalis” (in Latin); Msgr. Eugene E. Fahy, S.J.: “Bamboo Shoots”, chronology of affairs in Taiwan; brochure of Fu Jen (Furen) Catholic University in Taiwan, 1964 (in Chinese); letter from Sacred Heart Mission Club, January 31-May 31, 1964, conditions overseas, John W. Clifford, S.J.; 4/17/64, Fr. Edward J. Murphy, S.J. returning to CA, Frs. Juan Gandarius, S.J. & J. David Reed, S.J. ordained in Taipei (Taibei); Msgr. Eugene Fahy, S.J.: “Bamboo Shoots”, August 18, 1964, chronology of events in Taiwan; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 8/31/64, Pope Paul VI to keep up heritage, Fr. Thomas D. Carroll, S.J. drowns in Hong Kong; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 9/28/64, Fr. George Donohoe, S.J. to go to Taiwan, Dominican Strs. Marie Joseph, Juliana, M. Giovanni & Ruth off to La Paz, Bolivia; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 6/20/64, new Hsu Hwei (Xu Hui) Middle School in Taipei (Taibei), ministers Huang Chi-lu (Huang Jilu) & Hsieh Kwan-Sheng (Xie Guansheng); various “Bamboo Shoots” & “ Council Shoots” by Msgr. Eugene E. Fahy, S.J.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1965:
International Fides Service, June 2, 1965, # 1,161, NE 324 on Fu Jen (Furen) in Taipei (Taibei); NCWC News Services (Foreign), 9/23/65 - Th. on drop in conversions in Taiwan, Fr. Ivar McGrath, S.S.C., Fr. Günter Kaplan, Bp. Helmut Wittler; International Fides Service, May 8, 1965, # 1, 154, NE 263-264, more refugees in S. Vietnam, Saigon Abp. Paul Nguyen Van Bin, Bp. Andrew J. Vérineux, M.E.P. of Yingkow (Yingkou); International Fides Service, May 26, 1965, # 1,159, NE 310-311, Rev. Peter Arrupe, S.J. Superior General; NCWC News Services (Foreign), 4/22/65, stress on self-help, Fr. Francis J. O’Neill, M.M.; NCWC News Services (Foreign), favor liturgical changes in Taiwan, rememberence dead council fathers; International Fides Service, June 9, 1965, # 1,163, NE 345-346, Fr. John Clifford’s, S.J. book now in Chinese, massacre in Congo; NCWC News Services (Foreign), 5/29/65, Fr. Robert Ronald, S.J. ordained; Fr. Frederic Foley interviews Fr. Walter Hogan on the mission; NCWC News Services (Foreign), 10/5/65, Fr. Albert O’Hara commended by Taiwanese government; various articles about contemporary China; various “Bamboo Shoots” by Fr. Eugene E. Fahy, S.J.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1966:
NCWC News Service (Foreign), 6/10/66, Fr. John Kay Wei Chung dies in prison camp; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 9/20/66, Catholics quadruple in Taiwan; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 12/3/66, Fujen (Furen) University, Abp. Paul Yu Pin; [Fides], 11/16/66 on mountain tribes in Taiwan; [NCWC], 12/28/66, hostel for factory girls, Fr. Edward J. Wojniak, S.V.D.; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 11/3/66, aborigines in Taiwan, Fr. Richard Devoe, M.M., Abp. Stanislaus Lo Kuang (Luo Guang) of Taipei (Taibei) ; [Fides], 10/22/66, problems in mission of Hwalien (Hualian), Taiwan, Rev. Andrew J. Verineux; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 10/20/66, automotive schools in central Taiwan, Fr. Joseph A. McDonald; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 9/30/66, drop in conversions in Taiwan; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 6/21/66, meeting of 19 active orders, chairman Bp. Frederick A. Donaghy; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 5/17/66, problems in Chinese mass; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 5/6/66, Fr. Edmund L. Fitzgerald, S.J. on sanitary engineering; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 4/7/66, rhythm clinics in Taiwan, Sr. Antonia Maria (Maryknoll); NCWC News Service (Foreign), 3/1/66, Church & population growth in Taiwan; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 2/22/66, Church & Daoism, Fr. John Wiggins, M.M.

NCWC News Service (Foreign), 1/12/66, hostels for students in Taiwan, Fr. Peter Cheng; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 1/15/66, rhythm clinics in Taiwan, Fr. Bartley Schmitz, S.V.D.; George V. Donohoe, S.J.: “Tien Center’s Sodality ‘Vista’ or ‘Peace Corps’ Program”; letter from Robert J. Ronald, S.J. (with pictures); “Ricci Institute for Chinese Studies”, Fr. Thomas Carroll, S.J.; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 1/21/66, training for mission, Bp. Stanislaus Lo Kuang of Tainan; NCWC News Service (Foreign), 6/6/66, appointment Fr. Deeney, S.J. to Taiwan Normal University Research Institute, Prof. Liang Shih-chiu (Liang Shiqiu); NCWC News Service (Foreign), 4/15/66, Fr. James Roche at Kuangchi Radio Service; various articles about contemporary China; various “Bamboo Shoots” by Msgr. Eugene E. Fahy, S.J.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1967:
NCNS (Foreign), 1/20/67 on new Ricci Institute for Chinese Studies, Fr. Yves Raguin, S.J.; NCNS (Foreign), 2/2/67 on ecumenical activities, Msgr. John Hu, Fr. Francis Heras, S.J., Rev. Edmund B. Der; NCNS (Foreign), products of Taiwan social action, Fr. Louis J. Dowd, S.J.; The Jesuit, April 1967, pp. 16-17, Stephen Douglas S.J.: “Father Louis Dowd S.J. plays the Pied Piper in Hsinchu, Taiwan”; NCNS (Foreign), 12/14/67, new faculty of theology at Fu Jen (Furen) University, Abp. Paul Yu Pin, Fr. Matthew Chu; NCNS (Foreign), 12/9/67, Bp. Philip Cote, S.J., in fishing village Suao, Taiwan; Le Missioni Cattoliche, October 1967, pp. 455-457, “’Fu Jen’ la rinata Università Cattolica di Cina” (in Italian); NCNS (Foreign), 7/19/67, “Ecumenical Gathering Discusses Taiwan Education”, Abp. Paul Yu Pin; [Fides], 7/5/67, Mme. Chiang Kai-Shek addresses first graduation at Fu Jen (Furen) University, Abp. Paul Yu Pin; NCNS (Foreign), 12/21/67, Taichung (Taizhong) diocesan radio broadcasting station big hit, Msgr. Leonard R. McCabe, M.M.; NCNS (Foreign), 12/11/67, papal letter encouraging land reform in Taiwan, Amleto Cardinal Cicognani, Papal Secretary of State, Abp. Joseph Kuo; 12/5/67, Kuo Hsi-ling (Guo Xiling), leader of Taiwan independence movement, deported to Taiwan; NCNS (Foreign), 11/27/67, descendants of former headhunters now nuns, Bp. Andre-Jean Verineux.

NCNS (Foreign), 10/28/67, joint Catholic-Protestant efforts in vernacular; NCNS (Foreign), 10/6/67, alienation from Church, Msgr. Alfons van Buggenhout, C.I.C.M.; NCNS (Foreign), 9/27/67, freedom to the Church by Taiwan, Abp. Joseph Caprio, Fr. Francis Hsu; International Fides Service, September 20, 1967, # 2,049, NE 462, 300,000 Catholics in Taiwan; [NCNS (Foreign)], 9/12/67, 299,608 Catholics in Taiwan; NCNS (Foreign), 9/6/67, Catholic schools in Taiwan, Fr. Ivo Stucyk, C.I.C.M.; NCNS (Foreign), 8/22/67, Maryknoll in the mountains of Taiwan, Fr. Wenceslaus Knotek, M.M.; NCNS (Foreign), 6/20/67, US Catholic Relief Services’ projects in Taiwan, Fr. Paul J. Duchesne, M.M.; (Fides), June 14, 1967, German-speaking missionary priests; NCNS (Foreign), 5/19/67, blessing of Benedictine priory, Abp. Thomas Cardinal Tien, Fr. Francis X. Clougherty, O.S.B., Abbot Daniel W. Kucera, O.S.B.; NCNS (Foreign), 5/10/67, Maryknoll in Hsinchu (Xinchu), Fr. Charles Hilbert, Bp. Frederick A. Donaghy, M.M.; NCNS (Foreign), 2/7/67, priest in Tien Hsiang (Tianxiang), Fr. Paul Coquoz; various articles about contemporary China.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1968:
NCNS (Foreign), 2/5/68, exhibition at Tien Center, Fr. Frederic J. Foley, S.J.; Chin. Madagascar, Jan. 1968, “Le ‘Kuang Chi Radio Television Program Service’ de Taipei” (in French); NCNS (Foreign), 1/12/68, increase of Catholics in Taiwan, Bp. Paul Cheng of Tainan; (Fides), 2/3/68, Catholic University Students’ Association of Taipei (Taibei); NCNS (Foreign), 2/24/68, Maryknoll in Taiwan, Fr. Albert V. Fedders, M.M.; various articles about contemporary China.

[提要］ 在近代徐家匯“本地化”知識生產的過程中，土山灣印書館功不可沒。在法國巴黎會省新耶穌會士們主導下，“以徐家匯為圓心的江南本地化知識” 得到整理，並以多種西文著述的形式，面向世界發佈。這批成果鼓勵外部世界以科學的方法研究中國，更將“ 江南科學文化知識” 納入世界文明智慧版圖。若將1923 年的《上海徐家匯土山灣印書館書目表》還原至其出品的年代中，並以較 為新穎且契合彼時時空背景的角度———羅馬教廷呼籲“本地化”傳教策略，則可剖析這冊《書目表》之所以如此編排的深層原因。自20 世紀以降，傳教事業“ 本地化” 的呼聲日隆，時代浪潮裹挾中的 土山灣印書館兼具明顯國別（法國）與修會屬性（耶穌會），是一個生動的切入點。透過它可以探討近代語境中作為宗教文化社區的“徐家匯”所進行的“本地化”知識生產實踐活動，及其背後的時空 線索、文化勾連和歷史原因。
[關鍵詞］ 新耶穌會　徐家匯　土山灣印書館　《書目表》　“本地化”
［中圖分類號］　K252　［文獻標識碼］ 　A　［文章編號］　0874⁃1824(2020)02⁃0100⁃11

Local access dig.pdf. [Mo Wei-Xujiahui.pdf]

L'observatoire de Zi-ka-wei : cinquante ans de travail scientifique.
Cover title also in Chinese: Xujiahui tianwentai 徐家匯天文臺.
Xujiahui guanxiangtai formerly related to Lujiabang guanxiangtai and She Shan guanxiangtai; became part of Zhongguo kexueyuan Shanghai tianwentai in 1962. LC auth. rec.

Library copy with bookplate of Alphonse Maillet, Shanhai, Juin 1943. 
Local access Dig.pdf [Zikawei Observatoire.pdf].
Second pdf: Météo-France Bibliotheque edition [Zikawei Observatoire Météo-France Biblio.pdf]

"This dissertation closely examines the art and craft workshops at the French-Jesuit-run orphanage of Tushanwan in the first decades of the twentieth-century. Founded in the 1860s, the workshops taught Chinese orphaned boys a wide range of vocational skills from painting to shoemaking in preparation for their entry into adulthood in a rapidly modernizing China. Using different art objects and projects created at the major workshops as my primary subjects of investigation, the dissertation analyzes the transmission, translation, and reinvention of modern Euro-American aesthetic ideologies and techniques at Tushanwan and their receptions. In the process I question the nature and motivation of commercial workshops like Tushanwan beyond the monetary and reframe its practices and operations in terms of the religious, institutional, cultural, and historical legacies of the Jesuits in China. I also expand the global scope of popular late nineteenth- century European aesthetic movements such as the Arts and Crafts by accounting for the reinterpretation of those ideologies within the local context. Through the works and practices from the workshops, I describe a collage of interactions between China and the world united by a sense of common spiritual identity that supposedly transcended national and state boundaries, but instead reified and maintained the heterogeneity of identities."--Abstract.

Local access dig. pdf. [Ma-Tushanwan workshops.pdf]
Restricted access. Author permission required.

List of persons/topics in these articles from 1953:
International Fides Service, March 28, 1953, # 354, NE 96, Arriving in Hong Kong: Revs. John M. Struyven, Trappist priest of Chengtingfu (Zhengdingfu), Hopei (Hebei) & Rene Flament, Vincentian priest; International Fides Service, November 28, 1953, # 388, NE 350, Hankow (Hankou) church desecrated, Fr. Gervasius Rossato, O.F.M. arrives; (Fides, Febr. 7, 1953), Fr. Joseph Seng of Hanyang Diocese dies, witnessed by Fr. John Billot, S.J., arrests of: Msgrs. Gabriel Quint Ch’en & Gustave Prevost, Frs. Francis X. Legrand, Aiden McGrath, Matthew Ch’en & Joseph Seng; Fides doc., 28. XI. 1953, vol. III, N. 2, pp. 23-28, S.E.Mons. Juan B. Velasco, O.P.: “Cuatro Años de Comunismo en Amoy”; (Fides, Jan. 3, 1953), expulsion of Srs. Alphonse du Rédempteur & Marie Germaine (Germaine Gravel) from Canton (Guangzhou), Sr. Imelda of Hong Kong informed, welcomed by Msgr. Martin T. Gilligan & Fr. Albert R. O’Hara; International Fides Service, January 31, 1953, # 346, NE 35, Sr. Dominic Marie Turner from Kongmoon (Jiangmen) released, Fr. John Toomey, M.M., expelled earlier; Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. of Yuanling released; Advocate, 11/21/53, interview with Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. about ordeal; International Fides Service, May 9, 1953, # 360, NE 142, arrival in Hong Kong of Rev. Cuthbert O’Gara, Bp. of Yuanling, and Revs. Paul Ubinger, C.P. & William Westoben; release of Bp. John A. O’Shea, C.M. of Kanchow (Ganzhou); January 15, 1953, expulsion of Str. Vincent Loise DeLude, D.C. of Kanchow (Ganzhou), reunion with Str. Louise Cush, D.C.; (Fides, Feb. 14, 1953), Vincentian Fr. Joseph Hill of Kanchow (Ganzhou), Kaingsi (Guangxi) leaves for Hong Kong; International Fides Service.

October 31, 1953, # 384, NE 321, Frs. John Brambilla & John Carbone, both with P.I.M.E., leave Kaifeng, Honan (Henan) for Hong Kong; International Fides Service, November 7, 1953, # 385, NE 328/329, arriving in Hong Kong from Kaifeng: Frs. Henfy Vigo, P.I.M.E., Dionysius Busnelli, P.I.M.E. & Victor Pollo, P.I.M.E., arriving from Chengchow (Zhengzhou) Parma Missionary Frs. Sperindio Orlandini & Joseph Zanini, arrest of Brothes Stocco, M.D., ordeal for Brs. Gemma & Rigoni; International Fides Service, November 21, 1953, # 387, NE 343, Bp. Karl Weber, S.V.D. arrives in Hong Kong from Tientsin (Tianjin), bp. of Ichowfu (Yizhoufu?), Shantung (Shandong); (Fides, Sept. 5, 1953), Bp. Hermenegild Focaccia, O.F.M., dies at Yutze, Shansi (Shanxi) of heart disease; (Fides, September 19, 1953), arrival in Hong Kong of Fr. Henry Schmitz, S.V.D. from Yengchowfu (Yangzhoufu?); expelled: Bp. Cuthbert M. O’Gara, C.P. of Yuanling, Frs. Paul Ubinger, C.P. & William Westhoven, C.P.; expulsion of three Jesuits: Frs. Mario Francisconi, S.J., Clemente Dutto, S.J. & Constantino Fadda, S.J.; (Fides, Jan. 3, 1953), “Last Foreign Priests Expelled from Nanking - 6 Other Missionaries”: Frs. Gerbert Dierksmeier & Raoul Falaise, missionaries: Rev. Frs. Daniel Sicard, S.J., Juan B Lazpita, S.J., Juan A. Arcaya, S.J., Guerrino Marsecano, S.J., Rudolph Frish, S.V.D. & Rev. Br. Francisco Mendiburu; American missionaries still imprisoned in Shanghai: Thomas L. Phillips, S.J., Charles J. McCarthy, S.J., John A. Houle, S.J., John William Clifford, S.J. & Joseph McCormack, M.M.; International Fides Service, November 21, 1953, # 387, NE 342, Fr. Henry Pattyn, S.J. arrives from Pekin (Beijing); (Fides, Feb. 14, 1953), Fr. Joseph Jaeggy, S.J. arrives from Tientsin (Tianjin) in Hong Kong, with Fr. Enrico Rimaldi, P.I.M.E. of Weihwei (Weihui) Mission in Honan (Henan); 1/30/53, nine priests: Frs. Joseph Caron, S.J., Aurelian Demers, S.J., Matthias Haberl, S.V.D., Guiseppe Muttoni, S.J., Pietro Donatelli, S.J., Luis Castillo, S.J. & Francis Xerica, and four nuns starved and expelled, also expelled: Frs. Innocente Burroni, O.F.M. & Bartlme Elmar, O.F.M., Bp. Msgr. Zeno Arramburu remains confined with seven priests and four brothers, Jesuit Frs. Chang & Hu forced to live with progressivists.

Catholic Opinion, January 25, 1953, Fr. Jose Rodriguez expelled for harboring downed pilot, also expelled Frs. Alonso Barandiaran, S.J. & Henri Cotto of Paris foreign Mission Society; (Fides, Dec. 12-53), Rev. F.X. Tchao, S.J., Bp. of Diocese of Sienhsien (Xian Xian) in Hopeh (Hebei), is detected, release of other priests, still jailed: Frs. Chrysostom Chang & Joseph Wang; Fr. Su dies in Wuhu, ousted: Frs. Emeric Kekessy, Avelino Echarri, S.J., Emanuel Reinaud, S.J. & Br. Barrenechea, S.J.; Catholic Review, 2/6/53, Fr. Matthew Su of Wuhu dies of starvation; American Jesuits in China, April, 1953, vol. II, No. 4, Msgr. Fahy organizes Yangchow Guardians, Frs. Joseph Donohoe & Shaules teach Beda Tsang Hall; American Jesuits in China, March 1953, vol. II, No. 3, news from Formosa; (Fides, Dec. 2-53), Fr. Richard Kennedy being nursed by Chinese convert; nine priests and four nuns: Strs. Angeles Acha, Pilar Ibanez, Josefa Iraola & Freforia Otaegui, arrive in Hong Kong, earlier arrival: Fr. Peter Crevets; (Fides, Jan. 31, 1953), two French Jesuits, Frs. Francis Thery, S.J. & John Billot, S.J., arrive in Hong Kong; International Fides Service, January 3, 1953, # 342, NE 1, Rev. Daniel Sicard, S.J. arrives in Hong Kong from overcrowded jail; International Fides Service, January 31, 1953, # 346, NE 34, 15 cross over to Hong Kong: from Anking (Anjing) Frs. Francisco Jaureguizar, S.J., Juan del Rio, S.J., Brs. Blas Burguaga, S.J., Aguio, S.J., Pariente, S.J., José Joaristi, S.J., Frs. Francisco Echaverria, S.J., from Pengpu (Bengbu), Anhwei (Anhui) Francisco Biancolini, Emilio Putero, Donato Scattaglia, Dominico Gras, S.J. & Modesto Vasquez, S.J., no more missionaries in Anking (Anjing); Francis Fallert, S.J. & Leonard Kaufer, S.J.: “The Story of a Catechism Class”; (Fides, July 18, 1953), Rev. Clement Dutto, S.J., reports about Ankwei (Ankui) northeast of Pengpu (Bengbu); Edward J. Murphy, S.J.: report of student Theresa Chang; Theresa Chang; American Jesuits in China, 1953, closure of Zikawei, Fr. Lacrotelle in prison.

The Observatory of Zi-Ka-Wei : fifty years of scientific work.

English translation of otherwise identical French work: L'observatoire de Zi-ka-wei : cinquante ans de travail scientifique.
Cover title also in Chinese: Xujiahui tianwentai 徐家匯天文臺.

Local access dig.pdf. [Zikawei Observatory English.pdf]

The Zi-ka-wei orphanage /by D.J. Kavanagh, S.J.
Published in conjunction with the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exhibition as part of the Republic of China display.
Available online at Internet Archive and Hathi Trust.
Local access dig.pdf. [Kavanagh-Zikawei orphanage.pdf]

Tushanwan gu’eryuan rencai peiyang moshi yanjiu  土山灣孤兒院人才培養模式研究 / Xu Yan 徐妍.

Thesis--教育管理 (2014)

Shanghai shifan daxue zhuanyexue weilunwen 上海師範大學專業學位論文
Includes bibliographical references.
Abstract also in English.

Local access dig.pdf. [Xu Yan-Tushanwan]

Tushanwan gu’eryuan meishu gongchang yanjiu 土山灣孤兒院美術工場研究 / Gao Bei 高蓓.

Thesis (Ph.D., Fine Arts). 宗教美術研究。[2009届博士学位论文论]
Bibliography: p. 197-202

中文摘要:

土山灣孤兒院藝術工場是清末入華耶穌會在上海徐家匯地區所創本是天主教導在中國進行「 救靈」 活動的附屬產物。 它一經誕生即旨在為江南、乃至中國的天主教教義的傳播服務。 這所工場在其存世的近百年時間裡陸續開設了印刷、木工、五金、繪畫等作場生產了大量的宗教祭祀用品以滿足天主教的傳教需求也培養了大批的工藝、美術人才。 但由於種種原因土山灣孤兒院美術工場出產的各類工藝、美術作品幾乎不存文獻資料散亂、稀缺。 故此能夠「 復原」 這樣一個美術工場對研究中國天主教美術在中國的傳播與影響無疑是非常有意義的。

上編在盡可能全面佔有材料的基礎上對土山灣孤兒院美術工場的發韌、發展和消隱進行了綜合研究以時間發展為經線以事件的發生為緯線力求建立起當時美術工場的歷史架構、復原其生產經營、管理培養等情況。下編選了教堂、繪畫、雕刻等與土山灣有關的典型材料對土山灣美術作品的鉤沉作了一個總結性論述。 關鍵字土山灣孤兒院藝術工場清末民國傳教天主教藝術耶穌會教堂、繪畫、雕刻.

Abstract (English)

T'ou-sè-wèi Orphanage Art Workshop was established in Xujiahui Area of Shanghai by Jesuits coming to China at the end of Qing Dynasty, a by-product of the lvation " activities of Catholicism in China. It was intended to serve the spreading Catholic doctrines in southern China and even in the whole country. During its tory of nearly 100 years, it set up a series of workshops in printing, woodworking, hardware and drawing, produced lots of religious oblations to meet the need of Catholicism promulgation and fostered many talents in art and craft. However, due to many reasons, almost none of the crafts and artworks produced T'ou-se-we exist today, and documents about them are rare and scattered. So the restoration of such an artwork is definitely very meaningful for the study of the spreading and influence of Christian art. The first part does a comprehensive study of the beginning, development and appearance of the T' ou-se-we Orphanage on the basis of all the materials that could acquired, trying to set up the history framework of the Art Workshop and restore its nal situation of production, management and training. The second part discusses T' ou-se-we art works by some typical materials about churches, paintings and sculptures.

Key words: T' ou-sè-wè Orphanage End of Qing Dynasty and Minguo Catholicism Jesuit Craft 

Local access dig.pdf. [Gao-Tushanwan.pdf]

See CNKI Bibliography for “土山湾孤儿院美术工场”研究

Tushanwan meishu gongyi yize : Zhong-Xi jinxiandai meishu gongyi jiaoliu shi de mengya  土山灣美術工藝遺澤 : 中西近現代美術工藝交流史的萌芽 / Liu Lixian zhu 劉麗嫻著.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 181-195).

徐悲鴻稱讚土山灣：「中西文化之溝通，該處曾有極珍貴之貢獻。土山灣亦有可畫之所，蓋中國西洋畫之搖籃也。」作為中國美術工藝史。 藝術教育史上的獨特現象，土山灣的珍貴價值既是工藝的、技術的，又是宗教的、藝術的，更是東西方文明在相互試探、摩擦中學習互鑑的歷史縮影。 本書是西學東漸背景下土山灣美術工藝的專題研究，探討其萌蘗、發展、輝煌、落寞、消逝的近百年歷史進程（1864-1960）。 儘管土山灣《道源精萃》、「百塔」、木雕人偶「世間百態」、《中國宮》等精妙之作早已享譽海外，至今仍在國內鮮為人知。 劉麗嫻博士長期致力於收集、整理罕見的土山灣文獻及影像，還原出一條幾乎埋沒於歷史的中西美術工藝交流之路，也為當代中國非遺文化與設計產業的轉型發展，提供了歷史的鏡 鑑。

章　全球傳教背景下的土山灣
節　全球傳教與「文化適應」策略發展 3
第二節　江南教區與天主教遠東座標 6
第三節　傳教救靈與孤兒工藝院始末 12
第二章　土山灣孤兒工藝院的核心工場與協作式生產
節　工藝院概覽與核心工場 20
第二節　美術工場－圖像傳教與西畫東漸 23
第三節　印刷工場－文字傳教與科技革新 53
第四節　五金工場－金銀細作與遠銷海外 59
第五節　木工工場－教俗並行與揚名國際 62
第六節　紡織工場－花邊織布與技法交織 67
第三章　土山灣孤兒工藝院的組織結構與經營方式
節　聖嬰會附屬土山灣孤兒工藝院 72
第二節　組織架構－教會與工藝院體制 73
第三節　品牌思維－T.S.W.標誌與董事會 82
第四節　營運資金－從教會資助到艱苦維繫 87
第五節　人力成本－孤兒工匠與工友 89
第四章　土山灣美術工藝品行銷與傳播
節　銷售對象－教會大眾兼顧 92
第二節　產品類型－宗教世俗並重 94
第三節　價格訂單－優質高階定位 103
第四節　全球傳播－海外市場拓展 109
第五節　銷售方式－多元通路並存 112
第五章　土山灣美術工藝現象與工藝院管理
節　土山灣美術工藝品自宗教走向世俗 118
第二節　土山灣製程與主要工場 120
第三節　土山灣美術工藝現象與工藝院管理 121
第六章　土山灣《道原精萃》
節　圖像傳教作品《道原精萃》 124
第二節　《道原精萃》的協作式生產 125
第三節　《道原精萃》協作式生產的客觀條件與影響因素 128
第七章　土山灣百塔
節　土山灣百塔映射的美術工藝現象 132
第二節　土山灣百塔的創作、展出與收藏 133
第三節　土山灣百塔的研究價值 138
第八章　土山灣木雕人偶
節　木雕人偶「世間百態」的收藏情況 145
第二節　木雕人偶「世間百態」的創作主題 148
第三節　木雕人偶「世間百態」的當代價值 155
第九章　土山灣《中國宮》
節　東方風格在歐洲的傳播與接受 160
第二節　巴黎世博會與東方風格的瑪塞爾攤位 161
第三節　土山灣《中國宮》的創造者與參與者 163
第四節　《中國宮》與《日本塔》的美學價值 168
第十章　土山灣美術工藝遺澤
節　中西近現代藝術交流史的萌芽－土山灣美術工藝 172
第二節　從宗教走向世俗的土山灣美術工藝創作生產 174
第三節　集合宗教、文化、經濟、技術、藝術的
　　　　土山灣美術工藝現象 176
第四節　土山灣手工藝傳承影響研究 177
第五節　土山灣美術工藝的當代啟示 179
參考文獻 181
附錄　土山灣美術工藝大事記 196

一、時代脈絡中的土山灣
土山灣孤兒工藝院（1864—1960）是法國耶穌會在上海法租界創立的宗教慈善機構，因位於上海徐家匯土山灣而得名。 後隨工藝院發展，逐漸成為整個江南教區，甚至全國的天主教文化傳播與宗教美術工藝品生產中心。
由於內、外在因素與環境的變化，19世紀基督教開始進一步推進其全球傳教網絡佈局，土山灣孤兒工藝院正是這個全球網絡的遠東中心。 它的萌蘗發展與基督教全球傳教事業和近現代中國歷史緊密交織。 土山灣孤兒工藝院雖是宗教附屬機構，但隨時代變遷逐漸豐滿，其建立、發展折射了東西方技術、藝術、文化交流融合的漸進過程。
從研究的初，筆者就面對這樣的問題：土山灣孤兒工藝院為何出現？ 它在中國近現代美術工藝史中地位如何？ 作為基督教傳教救靈活動遠東教區的中心，形成土山灣獨特美術工藝文化現象的因素有哪些？ 它對推動當今中國美術工藝與本土文化品牌有何啟示？
面對這些問題，筆者開始了土山灣美術工藝現象的研究。 土山灣美術工藝現象綜合了藝術、技術、宗教、經濟等多維度，從其早期的宗教傳播使命，到「二戰」後為維生而轉向開拓國內外美術工藝品市場的運作方式，其中蘊含了豐富 的歷史資訊與借鏡價值。 特別是面臨當下全球化對傳統手工藝的衝擊，在國家對「非遺」的積極倡導、本土設計品牌不斷謀求國際市場認同的背景下，對土山灣美術工藝現象的研究價值格外凸顯。
土山灣所處的社會背景是晚清民初，恰逢中國社會變革的歷史時期。 基督教的這次入華與帝國主義侵略及近代中國從封建社會轉型為資本主義處於同一時期。 這次入華傳教相對於以往顯得更加強勢。 自土山灣孤兒工藝院的建立起，時間已然逝約一個半世紀。 回顧歷史，我們不得不承認，當時的傳教雖以宗教傳播為主要目的，但也間接帶來了西方工業革命的產物：新的科技、工藝與19、20世紀之交的藝術文化思潮（美術工藝 運動、裝飾藝術運動），遂客觀促進了中國人了解、消化西方文明果實，並在某種程度上打破了封建主義與晚清政府對有識之士探索西方先進文化、技術的思想禁錮。 因此，土山灣孤兒工藝院及其美術工藝現象既是中西方美術工藝交流史、中國設計教育轉型過程中的獨特樣本，也是中國近代歷史、文化、經濟發展過程中的重要案例。 時代脈絡中土山灣孤兒工藝院的出現有其特殊性、典型性與歷史必然性。
二、中國美術工藝史上的獨特現象
土山灣孤兒工藝院本是天主教在中國進行傳教與救靈活動的附屬產物。 在其存世的近百年間，陸續開設了印刷、木工、五金、繪畫等工場，以傳教方式培養了大批美術工藝人才。 處於社會變遷的歷史時期，西方背景下的土山灣孤兒工藝院的建立、發展過程折射出中西方技術、藝術、文化交流融合的漸進過程。
土山灣美術工藝現象與美術工藝傳習方式為近代美術手工藝的終結與現當代美術設計的新生埋下了伏筆，同時也為研究近代美術設計的轉型發展提供了一個鮮活的標本。 本研究不僅關切當代傳統手工藝傳承，更指向國家文化戰略背景下的藝術、創意、技術與傳承問題。
以土山灣美術工藝品、書籍為媒介建立的中西、中亞間的文化、藝術、宗教交流之路，對推動中國與世界文明的交融影響深遠。 本書以土山灣孤兒工藝院融合中西手工藝人的傳習方式、手工藝管理方式為主要研究內容，兼及其美術工藝作品在中西、中亞間的傳播、影響與交流。
關於土山灣美術工藝現象與美術工藝傳習方式的相關研究，目前國內主要有：黃樹林著《重拾歷史碎片》，對1900年前後土山灣法國傳教士法文資料進行了整理；張偉、張曉 依著《遙望土山灣－追尋消逝的文脈》，對徐家匯藏書樓1949年前的法文資料做了整理、翻譯。 洪霞論文《土山灣畫館的美術教學初探》，對其工場教學模式進行了論述；高蓓博士論文《土山灣孤兒工藝院美術工場研究》，對土山灣美術工場及其人才培養方式做了 系統研究。 國外主要有：科爾·羅斯卡姆（Cole Roskam）在其文章《建築轉譯－土山灣工場寶塔藏品》中表述土山灣「百塔」的模型具有建築學價值，細緻的模型還原了中國百年 前的佛塔造型，這些至今已經改建、修葺或不復存在的佛塔，仍可以透過「百塔」模型進行研究，為當代的建築研究提供了豐富的圖像史料；美國加州大學柏克萊分校學者威廉 ·馬（William Ma）在其博士論文《二十世紀初上海土山灣法國耶穌會孤兒工場的展示、救靈活動》中介紹了木工工場生產與傳教情況，同時提及「百塔」的資料收集 、創作等製作流程均在西方傳教士的領導下完成，並不能客觀地反映中國百年前佛塔建築的真實情況，「百塔」僅作為西方人眼中的中國印象，其真實性和客觀性失 之偏頗。
關於土山灣美術工藝品及其影響的現有研究，目前國內有：李丹丹博士論文《清末耶穌會士藝術家範世熙－發軔於土山灣孤兒院的天主教圖像集研究》，對全球傳教背景下基督教遠東圖像 傳教情況做了研究；周小英著《《道原精萃》與《中國公教美術》》，探討西學背景下的土山灣美術作品影響；吳洪亮著《從《道原精萃》到《古史像 解〉》，考證其中圖像的由來、發展、連結、創作與發行情形。 筆者2017年發表於《裝飾》的論文《土山灣遺澤－木工作品「世間百態」解讀》，探討了上海土山灣木雕人偶創作背景及其流傳至法國、日本的情況；2018年於 《藝術百家》發表《中國美術工藝史中的獨特案例－土山灣「百塔」及其歷史價值》，旨在還原土山灣百塔在中西方藝術文化對話中的重要位置；2018年於 《裝飾》發表的《土山灣中國宮：晚清中國建築藝術的西方解讀與融合》基於西方視角對中國建築藝術的解讀，映射近代中西方藝術的交流與融合；而《土山灣美術工藝的當代 價值》則探討了土山灣美術工藝現像中具有典型性和代表性的美術工藝品，論述了土山灣孤兒工藝院獨特的管理方式所折射的歷史價值與當代性。 另外，筆者陸續發表了土山灣美術工藝的相關個案研究論文，探究其內部經營管理方式，其中2019年發表的《土山灣基督徒美術工藝品生產與經營》一文，解析了土山灣孤兒工藝院的工藝 品牌營運思維、經營狀況、管理方式；2020年發表的《晚清土山灣木雕人偶「世間百態」分析》透過比較收藏於日、法的兩套土山灣木雕人偶的創作方式、動機、 主題，側面印證後期土山灣美術工藝品以市場為導向，以百姓日常生活與風俗信仰為創作題材的情況。 國外同類研究主要有：日本學者原聖著《繪解傳教》，對范世熙與德羅中、日、法同題材美術作品進行了比較研究。
圍繞1900年土山灣作品參展「世博會」的相關研究方興未艾，進而挖掘百年前中國美術工藝品海外熱銷的情況，但它們很少涉及土山灣特有的融合中西的傳教方式、美術工藝品的銷售運營等內容 。 關於土山灣的研究多著重縱向研究，且集中於土山灣孤兒工藝院本身，僅有為數不多的論文涉及其教育方式與美術工藝技藝傳承，更少對其美術工藝品、出版書籍為媒介形成的 中西、中亞間的文化、藝術、宗教交流之路進行研究。
作為中國近現代美術工藝史中的一個獨特案例，土山灣在一個多世紀前已揚名國際，創作生產了流傳於世的美術工藝精品。 究其根本，不僅在於特殊宗教氛圍下融合中西的雙軌美術工藝傳習方法，也在於其特殊的手工藝管理方式，並由此產生了獨特的土山灣美術工藝現象。 關於這典型個案的研究將呈現中國近現代美術工藝史、中西美術工藝交流史的一個縮影。
同時，土山灣的美術工藝現像也是近代美術與設計教育轉型中的珍貴標本，它所反映的藝、文結合美術工藝傳承觀念能夠啟示當代非物質文化傳承。 此外，土山灣所運用的西式手工藝教育管理模式能夠啟示文化創意產業的生存與發展，也為中西方手工藝文化融合發展提供經驗與可能。
三、土山灣「美術工藝」的概念辨析
1919年12月，蔡元培先生在《文化運動不要忘了美育》中曾使用過“美術工藝學校”以區別於“美術學校”和“音樂學校”，但在次年的《美術的起原》中 又改用「工藝美術」作為狹義上的美術之一種。 將「美術」與「工藝」換了個位，不知有意還是無意為之。 1926年，俞劍華先生在《圖案法》中仍舊採用了「美術工藝」這一用語。 無論是1902年李瑞清在南京兩江優級師範學堂設立的“圖畫手工科”，還是更早的上海土山灣孤兒工藝院，其共同的歷史背景是近代“師夷之長技以製夷”的社會 思潮。 出於社會生存的考慮，它們的迫切需求是提昇工藝技術和發展實業，使其成為不同於“美術”又區別於“技術”的一個折中名稱，而無暇顧及“美術工藝”與“工藝美術 ”在概念上的區別。
在陳之佛先生1937年書寫的《美術工藝的本質》講稿中，曾探討什麼是「美術工藝」。 他對美術工藝的定義為「適應日常生活的需要，實用之中使與藝術的角色抱持的工業活動」。 美術工藝就是美術的工業，它的內容必定含有兩個相反的因素，即所謂自目的的“美”與他目的的“實用”，兩者缺一便不能稱其為美術工藝了。 世人常將「美術工藝」與「古董」或「奢侈品」連結在一起，在封建社會，凡是豪奢華美的工藝品都是為了滿足王公貴族生活的要求。 後來因歷史的進展，支配社會者乃由有權力的貴族轉移於富豪，於是富豪階級便來享受那些華貴的工藝品，一般民眾是無法享受的，因而一般民眾認為美術工藝是一種奢侈的工藝。 另一方面，因宗教的繁榮，崇尚神佛，祭祀儀禮所需的用器亦往往極盡奢華，因此人們習慣於將美術工藝視為奢侈品。 於此，我們可以將1864年在上海土山灣孤兒院創立的工藝院所生產的宗教產品置於「美術工藝」來思考。 此外，“工藝美術”和“美術工藝”在19世紀末至20世紀中期被交替使用，直至1953年全國民間美術工藝品展覽會後，“工藝美術”被確定為同“文學”“音樂”“戲劇” 「繪畫」等具有同樣學科地位的名稱。 自此，「工藝美術」成為固定的學科名稱。
綜合考量19世紀中期的時代語境，土山灣美術工藝品的性質與定位，以及當時使用名稱習慣等因素，全書統一使用“美術工藝”一詞。
四、土山灣美術工藝傳習與手工藝管理－中國近現代製程教育轉型的樣本
土山灣孤兒工藝院的出現既有偶發性也有歷史必然性。 其一，把教育作為宗教傳播的方式本來就由耶穌會創建，作為當時在中國傳教的外來教派，耶穌會是土山灣孤兒工藝院的創建者。 其二，隨著收養孤兒人數的增加，為了維持土山灣孤兒院日常運營，教會決定對孤兒進行美術工藝教育以使之學成本領、自力更生，並將他們的勞動成果出售以補貼孤兒院日常運營 所需。 其三，出於天主教的傳教驅動，透過漫長而嚴格的教育，使孤兒們能夠接受天主教教義，並成為虔誠的信徒，才是一切工作的核心。 綜合上述三點，可見土山灣的美術工藝傳教方式兼顧了教育職能、經濟考量與傳教使命。
中國歷史上的工藝教育，從古代官營藝徒制逐漸發展為近代家庭門派化傳教、民間師徒制、宮廷藝匠等幾種傳教方式並存。 而發軔於晚清之際的工藝傳教所，在伴隨宗教而來的西方教育模式與中國傳統的傳習方式交織激盪下，使新式藝術教育初具雛形。 土山灣孤兒工藝院正是此背景下的典型個案，更是西學東漸背景下近代美術手工藝教育轉型為現代美術設計的獨特樣本。 順脈土山灣美術工藝傳承方式研究的漸進，能得到以下幾點啟發：
，土山灣孤兒工藝院採用了一種文化素質培養和專業技術傳授相結合的工藝設計人才培養模式，以及精神養成和技藝管理雙軌制的人才培養方式。 在這一點上有別於中國傳統工藝美術師徒傳承、官營世襲、子承父業的人才培養方式與「工匠之子莫不繼事」的傳統手工藝傳承觀念。 這一新型模式的創立又恰逢晚清中西方藝術教育的變革時期。 於是，土山灣傳講方式以綜合宗教傳習與美術工藝傳講的特有方式成為中西美術工藝交流史中的著名案例。
第二，土山灣孤兒工藝院針對不同工場的工藝要求和特殊性進行差異化、專門化的技能培訓，並將這種培訓服務於商業設計活動。 從穩定的品牌化視覺傳達到美術工藝人才輸出、承接國際訂單等方面形成了一個完整的商業鏈。
第三，土山灣美術工藝傳習方式與哲匠思維呼應。 其綜合技藝與思想的雙軌制傳承管理與融合中西的美術工藝人才培養方式，啟發當下美術工藝傳承過程中有關匠人、工匠、意匠、哲匠的解讀。 土山灣工匠培養似乎已然超越了簡單的技藝傳承，而具有更加豐富的人文內涵：一方面採用西式基礎文化教育，另一方面結合中式手工藝傳統教育，培養具有精湛手工藝技能與人文關切的孤兒工匠群體 。 其具備的能力首先是精湛技藝與思考能力，再者是順應時代發展與科技進步不斷更新自身能力、認識的自覺。 土山灣孤兒工藝院以其特有的雙軌傳教管理方式，為中國培養出一批諳熟西方工藝技術理念的設計與技術人才，也為洋務運動所掀起

Yingxiang Tushanwan 影像土山灣 = Images of T'ou-Sè-Wè / [Song Haojie zhubian 宋浩傑主編].
Includes bibliographical references (pages 292-295).
Chinese and English.

上海徐家彙的南端有一處在中國近現代歷史上影響獨特的神奇之地, 其平凡的名稱藏匿著深邃的文化蘊涵, 此即地名樸實, 卻雅趣盎然的土山灣. 土山灣主要是以其孤兒院下設的"土山灣工藝場"而獲得了其文化盛譽. 這一工藝場分為繪畫部, 印刷部, 成衣製鞋部, 木工部和銅器部等幾大部分, 在文化藝術的創作上取得了巨大成就, 曾在中國近代文化藝術發展中起著引領作用, 形成了近代上海的"海派"文化風格及特色, 並對整個中國的近代文化發展產生了重要影響.--Publisher note (OCLC record).