A depiction of Chinese plants from the Dutch edition of the Description de la Chine, part of Prévost' s monumental 'l'Histoire General des Voyages’. The plate depicts two fruiting trees in an idealised Chinese landscape by a river. Both are labelled, with a corresponding key in French and Dutch appearing at the top of the plate as a decorative ribbon. The first, labelled 'Ya-ta,' is probably a variety of either a lychee or longan tree, though its scaled fruit could also be durian. The second, the quey-pe, is a Chinese cinnamon, the bark of which has been used as a spice for thousands of years. The depiction of both trees follows the earlier drawings of Chinese plants published by Michal Boym (1612-1659), a Polish botanist, author, explorer, and Jesuit missionary, who carried out an extensive survey of Chinese flora and fauna during his travels. The Histoire General des Voyages was a monumental eighteenth century general history divided according to geographic region. The original volumes were written by Antoine François Prévost d'Exiles, a French author, novelist, theologian, natural historian, and a priest of the Jesuit and Benedictine orders, but continued by numerous other authors after Prevost's death. The earliest books mostly deal with the Far East and South-East Asia, providing a general history of their regions, kingdoms, customs, culture, costumes, natural phenomena and religious beliefs. Much of Prevost's information is derived from the reports of Jesuit missionaries, Portuguese merchants, and famous explorers, from Marco Polo to Sir Francis Drake. Although written in French, the popularity of the Histoire among Dutch audiences meant that many of the illustrative plates and maps published to accompany the work were either re-engraved or subtitled in Dutch by the engraver Jakob van der Schley: Prevost himself had travelled widely throughout the Netherlands, launching his literary career in Amsterdam and the Hague after fleeing the Benedictines in France. Prevost's work on China, and indeed many of van der Schley's plates, owe a great debt to Johan Nieuhoff (1618-1672) , a Dutch traveller who explored much of China, India, and Brazil while in the employ of the Dutch East India Company. Nieuhoff wrote extensively, with a particular focus on China, for his memoirs, and his numerous drawings of Chinese places and people were much copied by later engravers for numerous works of Chinese interest. Nieuhoffs own book became a major source of inspiration for eighteenth century chinoiserie, and are amongst the first western illustrations to depict the Chinese people in a manner which was based upon personal observation rather than the tradition of oriental fantasy.

Jakob van der Schley (26th July 1715 - 12th February 1779), also known as Jan von Schley or Jacobus van Schley, was a Dutch engraver and draughtsman. An apprentice of the French engraver Bernard Picart, he is best known for his engravings of the majority of plates in the Dutch edition of 'l'Histoire General des V~ages.' Despite producing mainly maps and views for this work, van der Schley was predominantly a portrait artist and literary illustrator.
Condition: Sheet trimmed within plate on left margin, as issued. Binders crease and holes to right margin. Clean, crisp impression with 'M Gallard’ Angoumois watermark.

"Specialists from the First Historical Archives and the USF Ricci Institute have examined and reproduced art and archival documents related to the Qing dynasty’s Central Asian campaigns (1755-1759). ... it collects commissioned paintings, imperially penned poems, and related documents....key pieces of art and Qing imperial documents...(for) history, art history, military history, and East-West cultural exchange. The Pacification of the Western Regions [Pingding Xiyu zhantu 平定西域戰圖] depicts the Central Asian campaigns during which the Qing suppressed the rebellions of the Dzungar chieftain Dawaci 達瓦齊, leader of the Eleuth (Kalmuk) Mongols, and of the elder and younger Khojas, Muslim Uighur’s based at the souther borders of the Tianshan range....this publication includes selections of related historical documents in Chinese and Manchu, most of which are revealed to the public for the first time. These documents include the following categories:
1. Documents on the military campaigns to supress Dawaci, elder and younger Khojas by the Qianlong emperor as well as the Bureau of Military Affairs.
2. Reports by the General in Chief of Repressing Rebellion.
3. Reports by the governors of Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces on the preparation of horses, vehicles, and army provisions for the campaigns.
4. Imperial poems by the Qianlong emperor after the successful conclusion of the campaigns.
5. Poems submitted to the Qianlong emperor by officials.
6. Documents concerning details and expenditures for the French production of the copperplate engravings of the Pacification of the Western Regions.
7. Reports on various presentations of the war paintings.
Added keywords: Xinjiang 新疆, Zungars 準噶爾, Bushtu Khan, Galdan 噶爾丹, Bandi (General), Yongchang (General), Yarkand Khanate, Batu Khan.