Ershi shiji wu liu shi niandai de Baxi Tianzhujiao zhuanxing 二十世紀五六十年代的巴西天主教轉型 = The transformation of Brazilian Catholicism in the 1950s and 1960s / by He Danchun 何丹春

https://www.sinowesternstudies.com/latest/no-29-2025/

Published in Guoxue yu xixue 國學與西學 = International journal of Sino-western studies, no.29 (2025): 1-10.

Local access dig.pdf [He_Danchun_Cong_Ershi_shiji.pdf]

Abstract:

面對快速工業化、城市化以及持續擴大的社會經濟不平等，20 世紀五六十年代以來，部分主教與神職人員已經開始嘗試將宗教使命與社會正義緊密結合，推動教會在教育、社會服務和政治議題中發揮更爲積極的作用。在這一歷史背景下，教會內部的改革與創新呈現多層次展開：第一，巴西主教全國會議（CNBB）的建立爲教會提供了統一發聲和制度化協調的平臺，使全國範圍內的社會與政治介入成爲可能；第二，改革派主教的興起引發了教會內部對使命理解與實踐方式的爭論，形成明顯的派別分化；第三，20 世紀 60 年代初，左翼天主教運動的興起體現了基層神職人員和青年信徒對社會不平等與政治變革的直接回應。這些初步改革與運動不僅塑造了巴西教會的新面貌，也爲解放神學與基層基督教團體奠定了基礎。

In the face of rapid industrialization, urbanization, and the widening gap of socioeconomic inequality, since the 1950sanumber of bishops and clergy in Brazil began to seek a closer connection between religious mission and social justice. Theyendeavored to make the Church play a more active role in education, social services, and political issues. Against this historical backdrop, reforms and innovations within the Church unfolded on multiple levels. First, the establishment of the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops (CNBB) provided the Church with a unified voice and an institutionalized platformfor coordination, making nationwide social and political involvement possible. Second, the rise of progressive bishops triggeredinternal debates over the understanding of the Church’s mission and its modes of practice, resulting in clear factional divisions. Third, the emergence of left-wing Catholic movements in the early 1960s reflected the direct response of grassroots clergyandyoung believers to social inequality and political change. These preliminary reforms and movements not only reshaped the faceof the Brazilian Church but also laid the foundation for Liberation Theology and Basic Ecclesial Communities.