"The present study focuses on women translators and their literary translation from 1898 to 1922 in late Qing and early Republican China ...native women translators .... Western Protestant women missionary translators... Chapter Two ...points out the relationship and mutual influence between their Chinese translation of foreign lterary works....with the case analysis of Chen Hongbi 陳鴻璧 and Zhang Mojun 張默君 ... it also explores the meaning of some translators deliberate adoption of female pseudonyms to indicate their true or acclaimed female identities during the feminist movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Chapter Three centers on native women translators Chinese versions of literary works....translation strategy in terms of style and ... technique....Chapter Four introduces the historical background of Western Protestant women missionaries entry to China and makes a review of The Woman's Messenger ... Chapter Five examines Laura M. White and Mrs. Donald MacGillivray ...and their role in the introduction of foreign literature during the Late Qing and early Republican period and the impact on Chinese women, children, and Christian families... and the social and religious elements that influenced and manipulated their translation activities."
Keywords: Zhang Mojun 張默君, 1884-1964 -- Nüduo 女鐸, The Woman’s Messenger (Periodical)