Astronomy and mathematics in ancient China : the Zhou bi suan jing / Christopher Cullen.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 227-235) and index.

The background of the Zhou bi -- The Zhou bi and its contents -- The origins of the work -- The later history of the Zhou bi -- Zhou bi suan jing: translation -- The preface of Zhao Shuang. The book of Shang Gao. The book of Chen Zi. The square and the circle. The seven heng. The shapes of heaven and earth; day and night. The xuan ji; polar and tropical conditions. The graduated circle and north polar distance. The shadow table. Lunar lag. Rising, setting and seasons. Calendrical cycles -- Appendix 1 Zhao Shuang and Pythagoras' theorem -- Appendix 2 Zhao Shuang and the height of the sun -- Appendix 3 Zhao Shuang and the diagram of the seven heng -- Appendix 4 The old shadow table.

This is a study and translation of the Zhou bi suan jing, a Chinese work on astronomy and mathematics which reached its final form around the first century AD. The author provides the first easily accessible introduction to the developing mathematical and observational practices of ancient Chinese astronomers and shows how the generation and validation of knowledge about the heavens in Han dynasty China related closely to developments in statecraft and politics. The book will be of equal interest to historians of science and those studying the history of Chinese culture.

Local access dig. pdf. [Cullen-Zhoubi.pdf]

Online borrowing at the Internet Archive

Chouren zhuan 疇人傳 (Biographies of astronomers, calendrists, and mathematicians)….”Ruan started this unusual enterprise as a voluntary contribution to the guoshi. The actual compilation, as with most of his works, was done by scholars working under his patronage and editorial direction. The first edition contained biographies and summaries of the works of 280 astronomers and mathematicians from ancient times to the 18th century, including 37 Europeans (in annex based on a work of Schall). The total biographies in all the editions and supplements comes to over 600 (of whom 52 were foreigners).
The editor’s main object was to provide a genealogy of Chinese computational astronomy as part of classical Confucian learning and as incorporating its offshoot, Western astronomy. The cosmology is Tychonic, not Copernican. One result of the collection was to further stimulate interest in ancient Chinese mathematics and the recovery of works long since neglected; another was to delay an objective reassessment of Chinese mathematics as measured against Greek, Arabic, and European approaches….(etc.)
Cf. Wilkinson, E., Chinese history, a new manual. p.476.

Chouren zhuan 疇人傳 (Biographies of astronomers, calendrists, and mathematicians)….”Ruan started this unusual enterprise as a voluntary contribution to the guoshi. The actual compilation, as with most of his works, was done by scholars working under his patronage and editorial direction. The first edition contained biographies and summaries of the works of 280 astronomers and mathematicians from ancient times to the 18th century, including 37 Europeans (in annex based on a work of Schall). The total biographies in all the editions and supplements comes to over 600 (of whom 52 were foreigners).

The editor’s main object was to provide a genealogy of Chinese computational astronomy as part of classical Confucian learning and as incorporating its offshoot, Western astronomy. The cosmology is Tychonic, not Copernican. One result of the collection was to further stimulate interest in ancient Chinese mathematics and the recovery of works long since neglected; another was to delay an objective reassessment of Chinese mathematics as measured against Greek, Arabic, and European approaches….(etc.) -- Cf. Wilkinson, E., Chinese history, a new manual. p.476.
Dig.pdf local access (Complete in one file) [Chourenzhuan.pdf].

Heavenly numbers : astronomy and authority in early imperial China / Christopher Cullen (Needham Research Institute and Darwin College, Cambridge, CRCAO, Paris, Sometime scholar of University College, Oxford, and Research Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge).

Includes bibliographical references (pages 399-413) and index.

Introduction -- The astronomical empire -- Li in everyday life: dates and calendars -- The emperor's grand inception, and the defeat of the grand clerk -- The triple concordance system and Liu Xin's 'Grand unified theory' -- The measures and forms of heavens -- Restoration and re-creation in the Eastern Han -- The age of debates -- Li Hong and the conquest of the moon -- Epilogue.

"A history of the development of mathematical astronomy in China, from the late third century BCE, to the early 3rd century CE - a period often referred to as 'early imperial China'. It narrates the changes in ways of understanding the movements of the heavens and the heavenly bodies that took place during those four and a half centuries, and tells the stories of the institutions and individuals involved in those changes. It gives clear explanations of technical practice in observation, instrumentation, and calculation, and the steady accumulation of data over many years - but it centers on the activity of the individual human beings who observed the heavens, recorded what they saw, and made calculations to analyze and eventually make predictions about the motions of the celestial bodies"-- Provided by publisher

Local access dig.pdf [Cullen-Heavenly Numbers.pdf]

Added keywords: Chinese New Year calculation; lunisolar calendars; solstices & equinoxes; 24 solar terms, 24 jieqi 節氣 ; Chinese months, leap months; sexagenary cycle, ganzhi jidu 干支制度, Heavenly Stems & Earthly Branches; Jesuit astronomers.

Preface -- Abridged bibliography -- The legacy of Islam in China and in Europe toward the end of the XVth century -- Ricci’s scientific training -- Ricci and Chinese science -- The problem of Chinese astronomy -- The solar eclipse of December 15, 1610 -- Conclusion --Bibliography - Index.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 94-98).
Based on physical copy from Gleeson Library.
Local access dig.pdf [Bernard-Ricci Contribution.pdf]

Moving stars changing scenes : gems of the ancient Chinese astronomy relics = Xing, yi, wu, huan : Zhongguo gudai tianwen wenwu jinghua / [author, Yip Chee-kuen ; editor, Lawrence W.K. Lee ; English translation, Lawrence W.K. Lee, Ann L.F. Hui].
Translation of: Xing, yi, wu, huan : Zhongguo gudai tianwen wenwu jinghua 星・移・物・換 : 中國古代天文文物精華.
"Produced by the Hong Kong Science Museum."--T.p. verso.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-175) and index.
***Graphic resource.
Local access dig. pdf. [Ancient Chinese Astronomy.pdf]

The Chinese Astronomical Bureau, 1620-1850 : lineages, bureaucracy and technical expertise / Ping-Ying Chang.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

The Organization of the Qing Astronomical Bureau -- From the Old Method to the New Method -- Kangxi Calendar Dispute -- Emperors and the He Brothers -- The Solar Eclipse of 1730 -- Knowledge Reproduction -- Maintaining a Familial Career -- The Decline of Missionary Influence and the Nineteenth-Century Reforms of the Astronomical Bureau.

"This book offers a new insight into one of the most interesting and long-lived institutions known to historians of science, the Chinese imperial Astronomical Bureau, which for two millennia observed, recorded, interpreted and predicted the movements of the celestial bodies. Utilising archival material, such as the résumés written for imperial audiences and personnel administration records, the book traces the rise and fall of more than thirty hereditary families serving at the Astronomical Bureau from the late Ming period to the end of the Qing dynasty. The book also presents an in-depth view into the organisation and function of the Bureau and succinctly charts the impacts of historical developments during the Ming and Qing periods, including the Regency of Prince Dorgon, the influence of the Jesuits, the relationship between the Kangxi and Yongzheng emperors and the He family and the failure of the bureau to predict correctly the solar eclipse of 1730. Presenting a social history of the Qing Astronomical Bureau from the perspective of hereditary astronomer families, this book will be of interest to scholars and students of Chinese Imperial history, the history of science and Asian history"-- Provided by publisher

The Chinese Astronomical Bureau, 1620-1850, 2023: CIP title page (Chinese Astronomical Bureau) galley (Qing Astronomical Bureau; the Astronomical Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監 [Qin tian jian]); Unlike the Ming dynasty, which maintained a branch of the Astronomical Bureau in Nanjing,  the entire Qing Astronomical Bureau was in Beijing; The Bureau had three major workplaces; The first was the main office (yamen 衙門), which was located in the block  of central government institutions between and slightly to the east of the Gate of Heavenly  Peace (Tiananmen 天安門) and the Gate of the Great Qing (Da Qing men 大清門); The second major workplace was the observatory (guanxiangtai 觀象臺) located at the  southeast corner of the Beijing city wall; The third was the Drum Tower (Gulou 鼓樓) located at the north end of the central axis of  the Inner City; For most of the Qing era, the Astronomical Bureau was a middle-ranking but autonomous institution) publisher's note ("Chinese imperial [sic] Astronomical Bureau")—LC authority record.

Local access dig.pdf. [Chang-Chinese Astronomical Bureau.pdf]

The Chinese sky during the Han : constellating stars and society /  by Sun Xiaochun and Jacob Kistemaker.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 193-216) and indexes.

"This is a reconstruction of the Chinese sky of two thousand years ago, based on analysis of the first star catalogue in China and other sources. Presented in six well-sized star maps for 100 BC, it is especially important for the history of astronomy. The Han sky, with five times more constellations than Ptolemy knew, reflects diverse human activities. The way in which constellations were grouped discloses a systematic cosmology, uniting universe and the state. The work of the three Han schools is comparable to Ptolemy's Almagest. With three detailed Appendices on the constellations of the three schools, well illustrated to demonstrate the relation between sky and human society, this book is valuable not only for astronomy historians and sinologists, but in general for scholars interested in the ancient cultures of Asia."--Jacket.

Local access dig.pdf. [Sun-Kistemaker-Chinese Sky Han.pdf]

本書以耶穌會士和天文學為主題, 系統查閱研讀了國內外所藏清代曆算著作,官方文獻和清人文集, 並與歐洲所藏第一手西文檔案資料互證, 在全球史和跨文化的視野下系統闡述天主教傳教士與歐洲天文學傳入中國的諸面相. 作者試圖將天文學傳播置於政治史,社會史和宗教史的語境中加以討論, 完整勾勒清代近兩百年間歐洲天文學在華傳播的歷程. 通過案例, 生動展現知識和權力交織的複雜背景, 進而揭示了康熙皇帝如何通過西學來達到控制漢人和洋人之目的; 深入分析了皇子,傳教士,欽天監官員和士大夫群體在知識傳播中所扮演的不同角色.

序章:　通天與敬天：歐洲科學在明清之際的傳播 -- 第一章: 耶穌會士與歐洲星占術著作的傳播 -- 第一節:　天啟崇禎間耶穌會士有關天文星占的相關論述 -- 第二節:　湯若望《天文實用》之編纂及其在清初的流傳 -- 第三節:　湯若望《天文實用》在乾隆時代的流傳 -- 第四節:　異端“新”知：穆尼閣對歐洲星占術的介紹 -- 第二章: 康熙初年曆法之爭與耶穌會士的東來 -- 第一節:　西洋曆法的改編與楊光先反教案 -- 第二節:　日影觀測與康熙研習西學之開端 -- 第三節:　來自澳門的“西學帝師” -- 第四節:　法國“國王數學家”來華 -- 第三章:　從觀星台事件到蒙養齋算學館的設立 -- 第一節:　觀星台事件和李光地對曆算的興趣 -- 第二節:　康熙時代的曆算活動與人才培養 -- 第三節:　蒙養齋算學館的建立及其曆算活動 -- 第四章:　科學與權力：日影觀測與康熙時代的曆法改革 -- 第一節:　康熙熱衷日影觀測之經過 -- 第二節:　1692年乾清宮之日影觀測 -- 第三節:　1711年日影觀測與曆法改革的緣起 -- 第五章:　“自立”精神與康熙時代的“西學中源”說 -- 第一節:　康熙西學態度的轉變及其背景 -- 第二節:　康熙與“西學中源”說的流行 -- 第三節:　士人對西學態度的演變 -- 第六章:　歐洲天文學新知的傳入與《欽若曆書》的編纂 -- 第一節:　蒙養齋算學館與格物窮理院 -- 第二節:　傅聖澤與歐洲新科學的介紹 -- 第三節:　《欽若曆書》的編纂與內容 -- 第七章:　科學和宗教之間：耶穌會士、禮儀之爭和日心說的傳播 -- 第一節:　科學和信仰：耶穌會士、奉教天文學家與禮儀之爭 -- 第二節:　耶穌會士和日心說的傳入 -- 第三節:　“用其技藝” ：康熙皇帝科學和宗教的兩手策略 -- 八章:　量天測地：耶穌會士與康乾時代的大地測量 -- 第一節:　康熙朝地圖測繪的背景 -- 第二節:　“西洋籌人”安多與子午線的測量-- 第三節:　地圖測繪的緣起和展開：測繪過程及路線 -- 第四節: 　乾隆時代的地圖測繪 -- 第九章:　復古與求新：雍正、乾隆間耶穌會士與宮廷天文學的傳播 -- 第一節:　宇宙體系的折中：《歷象考成後編》的編纂 -- 第二節: 會通中西：《儀象考成》的編修 -- 第三節:　耶穌會士與朝鮮燕行使的交往 -- 第四節:　後耶穌會士時代的宮廷天文學家 -- 結語

附錄一:　傅汎際、李之藻譯《寰有詮》及其相關問題 –- [一]　傅汎際和李之藻：《寰有詮》的譯者 -- [二]　《寰有詮》的底本及其翻譯 -- [三]　 新的天文觀測如何用於解釋亞里士多德宇宙論？ -- 附錄二:　新教傳教士與天文學的傳播（1807—1859）: [一]　 天王星知識在東南亞和中國沿海城市的傳播（嘉慶、咸豐朝）-- [二]　牛頓《自然哲學的數學原理》的早期傳播 -- [三]　 偉烈亞力：科學的傳播者和中國科學史研究的開拓者 -- 附錄三:　天文著作序跋彙編 -- 附錄四:　欽天監西洋人任職表 -- 附錄五:　外國人名表 -- 參考文獻 -- 索引 -- 後記.