Abstract
My dissertation focuses on the violence associated with two Korean Catholics from the late Chosŏn dynasty. My first subject, Alexius Hwang Sayŏng, wrote a letter during the anti-Catholic suppression of 1801 to the bishop of Beijing proposing that a Western armada invade Korea to force the Chosŏn state to tolerate Catholicism, only to be arrested and executed for treason. In 1909, my second subject, Thomas An Chunggŭn, assassinated Itō Hirobumi, the first resident-general of Korea, in hopes that his death would lead to the restoration of Korean independence. Through the study of their writings, interrogation reports, court records, public pronouncements, newspapers, missionary letters and journals, I reveal the different types of violence they sought to justify, suffered, and were reacting to.

While Hwang and Neo-Confucian officials both believed that violence could be legitimately deployed in order to actualize the worldviews mandated by their respective religions, the centrality of religion had largely been eclipsed by the secular ideologies of nationalism, Social-Darwinism, and Pan-Asianism, by An‟s time. This situation led to a struggle within and between An and foreign missionaries over the proper relationship between nation, state, and religion, and eventually to An‟s decision to kill Itō for both religious and secular reasons, even as the Catholic Church forbade violent resistance to Japan‟s colonial project.

Through a comparison of the violence associated with Hwang and An, I show that religion can both encourage and discourage violence at the same time, and that its influence can be shaped, magnified, or diminished by secular worldviews, proving the difficulty in simply labeling violence as “religious” or “secular,” and the essentially ambiguous nature of violence. I therefore propose that, in contravention to scholars who argue that religion is somehow more violent than secular ideologies, it is not so much whether a type of violence can be labeled as secular or religious, but the contents of that worldview, its relationship with other worldviews within an individual, and the historical context in which it is actualized, that is more important in determining its propensity for violence.

Local access dig.pdf. [Rausch-Ambiguity of violence.pdf]

The dawn of Christianity in Korea -- The foundation and development of the church in Korea -- The persecution of 1801 -- Continued church sufferings in provincial areas -- The establishment of the Korean Vicariate Apostolic -- The persecution of 1839 -- The great persecution of 1846 -- The development of the Catholic church in the reign of King Ch'ŏl-jong (1850-1863) -- The great persecution of 1866 -- The open-door policy -- The Catholic church in Korea under Japan and its continued growth -- The development and growth of the church after the Second World War -- Religious oppression during the Korean War -- The apostolic internunciature -- The province of Seoul -- The province of Tae-gu -- The province of Kwang-ju -- The missionary societies -- The religious orders and others.

Reprint. Originally published: Shanghai Tushanwan yinshuguan 上海土山灣印書館, 1929.

In collection: Hanyu Jidujiao zhenxi wenxian congkan. Di 1 ji 漢語基督教珍稀文獻叢刊. 第一辑 = Collected rare Christian books and documents in Chinese, vol. 10, pp. 1-179.

Local access dig.pdf. [TBD]

Han'guk Ch'ŏnju kyohoesa ŭi pit kwa kŭrimja : Tonsa Cho Kwang Kyosu chŏngnyŏn kinyŏm nonch'ong 한국 천주교회사의 빛과 그림자 : 敦史 趙 珖 교수 정년 기념 논총 / Cho Hyŏn-bŏm [Jo Hyeonbeom] 조현범

Includes bibliographical references.

Han'guk Ch'ŏnju kyohoesa 한국 천주교 회사 = Korean Catholic history = History of the Catholic Church in Korea / Han'guk Kyohoesa Yŏn'guso 韓國敎會史硏究所 / 한국 교회사 연구소, Kim Sŏng-t'ae 김성태 [Kim Seongtae], et al.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

제 1부. 가톨릭 교회 와 아시아 선교 -- 제 2부. 조선 후기 서학의 수용과 천주교회의 설립 -- 제 3부. 시련 속의 교회 -- 제 4부. 선교 의 자유 와 교회 의 성장 -- 제 5부. 일제 강점기 의 교회.

Contents note: 1. Introduction; 2. Believers, martyrs and missionaries, 1592-1876; 3. Evangelism, patriotism and revivalism, 1876-1910; 4. Oppression, resistance and millennial hope, 1910-45; 5. Liberation, service and divisions, 1945-61; 6. Growth, thought and struggle, 1961-88; 7. Missions, reconciliation and public life, 1988 to the present.

"With a third of South Koreans now identifying themselves as Christian, Christian churches play an increasingly prominent role in the social and political events of the Korean peninsula. Sebastian Kim and Kirsteen Kim's comprehensive and timely history of different Christian denominations in Korea includes surveys of the Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant traditions as well as new church movements. They examine the Korean Christian diaspora and missionary movements from South Korea and also give cutting-edge insights into North Korea. This book, the first recent one-volume history and analysis of Korean Christianity in English, highlights the challenges faced by the Christian churches in view of Korea's distinctive and multireligious cultural heritage, South Korea's rapid rise in global economic power and the precarious state of North Korea, which threatens global peace. This History will be an important resource for all students of world Christianity, Korean studies and mission studies"-- Provided by publisher.

History of the Korean Church : preceded by an introduction on Korean history, institutions, language, mores, and customs, with a map and plates / by Charles Dallet ; translated by Gari Ledyard

Translated from Histoire de l'eglise de Corée. Paris : V. Palmé, 1874. (translation copyright 1989, 2000)

Includes bibliographical references.

v.1. Book 1. From the first martyrdoms until the arrival of Father Jacques Zhou, a Chinese priest sent by the bishop of Peking 1784-1794 ; Book 2. From the arrival of Father Zhou in Korea to his glorious martyrdom 1794-1801 -- v. 2. Book 3. From the martyrdom of Father Zhou to the end of the persecution 1801-1802.

Local access dig.pdf. [Dallet-Ledyard-History Korean Church.pdf]  

”Another copy Gleeson Library”

Sungsil Taehakkyo Han'guk Kidokkyo Pangmulgwan 숭실대학교 한국 기독교 박물관 = The Korean Christian museum at Soongsil university.

Text in Korean, with captions in English.