A Flow of Christian Images from the Shanghai Jesuits to the Paris Foreign Missions in Japan: Imitation, Alteration, and Returning to the Roots / Nanyan Guo.

Extract from: Journal of Jesuit Studies 10 (2023): 605–639 
Includes bibliographical references.

"Jesuits in Modern Far East....special issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies explores the “new” Jesuit mission to China, established in the 1840s.."--Steven Pieragastini.

 Abstract

The Jesuit Adolphe Vasseur created more than 160 woodblock prints at the orphanage of T’ou-se-we in Shanghai, China, combining Western images of biblical stories with traditional Chinese styles and symbols, aiming to help familiarize the Chinese people with Christian concepts. Vasseur’s images were adopted and transformed through lithographic publications and woodblock prints by the Paris Foreign Missions (MEP) in Japan from the 1860s to the 1870s under Fr. Marc Marie de Rotz (1840–1914). Focusing on ten woodblock prints, often referred to as the “De Rotz Prints,” which were made based on Vasseur’s images and altered by adding Japanese symbols, this paper will show how Vasseur’s images were modified from a Chinese to Japanese context, primarily by adapting to the situation of Japanese Christians, who were emerging from more than two centuries of persecution and underground worship. This article is part of the special issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies, “Jesuits in Modern Far East,” guest edited by Steven Pieragastini.

Keywords

T’ou-se-we – Adolphe Vasseur – De Rotz Prints – Japanese Christians – lithographic publishing – woodblock prints – picture books – Paris Foreign Missions

Local access dg.pdf. [Guo-Christian images.pdf] 

Tushanwan gu’eryuan meishu gongchang yanjiu 土山灣孤兒院美術工場研究 / Gao Bei 高蓓.

Thesis (Ph.D., Fine Arts). 宗教美術研究。[2009届博士学位论文论]
Bibliography: p. 197-202

中文摘要:

土山灣孤兒院藝術工場是清末入華耶穌會在上海徐家匯地區所創本是天主教導在中國進行「 救靈」 活動的附屬產物。 它一經誕生即旨在為江南、乃至中國的天主教教義的傳播服務。 這所工場在其存世的近百年時間裡陸續開設了印刷、木工、五金、繪畫等作場生產了大量的宗教祭祀用品以滿足天主教的傳教需求也培養了大批的工藝、美術人才。 但由於種種原因土山灣孤兒院美術工場出產的各類工藝、美術作品幾乎不存文獻資料散亂、稀缺。 故此能夠「 復原」 這樣一個美術工場對研究中國天主教美術在中國的傳播與影響無疑是非常有意義的。

上編在盡可能全面佔有材料的基礎上對土山灣孤兒院美術工場的發韌、發展和消隱進行了綜合研究以時間發展為經線以事件的發生為緯線力求建立起當時美術工場的歷史架構、復原其生產經營、管理培養等情況。下編選了教堂、繪畫、雕刻等與土山灣有關的典型材料對土山灣美術作品的鉤沉作了一個總結性論述。 關鍵字土山灣孤兒院藝術工場清末民國傳教天主教藝術耶穌會教堂、繪畫、雕刻.

Abstract (English)

T'ou-sè-wèi Orphanage Art Workshop was established in Xujiahui Area of Shanghai by Jesuits coming to China at the end of Qing Dynasty, a by-product of the lvation " activities of Catholicism in China. It was intended to serve the spreading Catholic doctrines in southern China and even in the whole country. During its tory of nearly 100 years, it set up a series of workshops in printing, woodworking, hardware and drawing, produced lots of religious oblations to meet the need of Catholicism promulgation and fostered many talents in art and craft. However, due to many reasons, almost none of the crafts and artworks produced T'ou-se-we exist today, and documents about them are rare and scattered. So the restoration of such an artwork is definitely very meaningful for the study of the spreading and influence of Christian art. The first part does a comprehensive study of the beginning, development and appearance of the T' ou-se-we Orphanage on the basis of all the materials that could acquired, trying to set up the history framework of the Art Workshop and restore its nal situation of production, management and training. The second part discusses T' ou-se-we art works by some typical materials about churches, paintings and sculptures.

Key words: T' ou-sè-wè Orphanage End of Qing Dynasty and Minguo Catholicism Jesuit Craft 

Local access dig.pdf. [Gao-Tushanwan.pdf]

See CNKI Bibliography for “土山湾孤儿院美术工场”研究

Tushanwan huaguan renwuzhi  土山灣畫館人物 志  / Shanghai Shi Xuhui Qu wenwuju zhubian  上海市徐匯區文物局主編  ; Zhang Wei, Zhang Xiaoyi zhu  張偉, 張曉依著.

圖文並茂地呈現"中國西洋畫之搖籃"-土山灣畫館的歷史人物群像與歷史發展軌跡

土山灣畫館為上海最早的西洋美術教育的發祥地,因處於徐家匯土山灣而得名.1852年,天主教在此創辦繪畫和雕塑宗教用品的工藝學校,其美術學科分為水彩,鉛筆,擦筆,木炭,油畫等,以素描寫實,人體,植物禽類為主,主要都是以有關西方基督教的宗教畫為主旋律,多數以基督教的傳承為基礎,學生都是孤兒院的孩子.誠然,土山灣畫館培養學生的主要目的是為了中國培養更多的能為傳播基督教教義方面的美術人才,也為基督教的傳播起到積極推動的意義."土山灣畫館"內容上主要分為畫館開創者,畫館的傑出代表,畫館中堅,體系外的再傳弟子,編外人員,採訪實錄等板塊,搜羅舊照片,拍攝新照片,圖文並茂地,系統地為讀者呈現了土山灣畫館的歷史風貌.--OCLC record.