Crusaders against opium : Protestant missionaries in China, 1874-1917 / Kathleen L. Lodwick.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 188-208) and index.

Opium in China in the Late Nineteenth Century -- Missionaries Organize to Oppose Opium -- Pro-Opium Forces and Government Investigations -- Anti-Opium Lobby Comes of Age -- Success and Failures of Opium Suppression.

Local access dig.pdf [Lodwick-Crusaders against opium.pdf]

Introduction to "Western Smoke" -- A Short History of Opium Smoking in China -- Westerners' Intercourse with China -- Westerners on Opium and the Chinese -- Zhang Changjia's Yanhua, "Opium Talk" (1878) -- Eaten by Wild Dogs: Opium in Late Qing Fiction -- "Why the Chinese Smoked Opium" -- Appendix: Yanhua, "Opium Talk," by Zhang Changjia of Jinshan County, Jiangsu Province.

'The art of alchemists, sex and court ladies' -- As the empire changed hands -- 'The age of calicoes and tea and opium' -- 'A hobby among the high and the low in officialdom' -- Taste-making and trendsetting -- The political redefinition of opium consumption -- Outward and downward 'liquidation' -- 'The volume of smoke and powder' -- 'The unofficial history of the poppy' -- Opiate of the people -- The road to St. Louis -- 'Shanghai vice'

"In a broad-ranging narrative, Zheng Yangwen's book explores the history of opium consumption in China from 1483 to the late twentieth century. The story begins in the mid-Ming dynasty, when opium was sent as a gift by vassal states and used as an aphrodisiac in court. Over time, the Chinese people from different classes and regions began to use it for recreational purposes, so beginning a complex culture of opium consumption. The book traces this transformation over a period of 500 years, asking who introduced opium to China, how it spread through all sections of society, embraced by rich and poor alike as a culture and an institution. The book, which is accompanied by a fascinating collection of illustrations, offers a vivid and alternative perspective on life in China, which will be embraced by students of history, anthropology and sociology, and all those with an interest in China."--Jacket.